中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）2017，Vol.47Issue(6)：42-52,11.DOI:10.16441/j.cnki.hdxb.20160247
东太平洋结核区可培养细菌的多样性研究
Diversity of Culturable Bacteria in the East Pacific Nodule Province
摘要
Abstract
The east Pacific nodule province, which is considered as one of the most commercially important nodule areas of the global ocean, is located in the northeast Pacific Ocean.There are plenty of polymetallic nodules on the seabed.The mechanism of formation of manganese nodules is still unclear, but a growing amount of evidences show that nodules can not be formed without bacteria.To investigate the diversity of culturable bacteria in the east pacific nodule province, four kinds of samples were collected during the cruise "DA YANG 29", including nodule samples, sediment samples overlaying nodules on its surface, sedment samples without overlaying nodules on its surface and bottom seawater samples.A totol of 1 200 bacterial strains were isolated and conserved, and 402 strains were identified using 16S rRNA gene sequencing, which were composed of 4 bacterial phyla, 65 genera and 135 species.The results turned out that the microbial resources in this place were abundant and showed a great diversity.The 4 phyla included Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, accounting for 81.59%, 8.21%, 8.21% and 1.99% of the totol culturable bacterial community, respectively.Only bacterial strains belonged to α-Proteobacteria and γ-Proteobacteria were isolated in this study.In Genus level, Halomonas, Pseudomonas and Sulfitobacter were dominant, while the dominant species included Sulfitobacter pontiacus, Halomonas meridiana, Alteromonas macleodii, Paracoccus carotinifaciens etc.The proportion of Actinobacteria and Firmicutes were higher from sediment samples than that of the other two kinds of samples, while the pencentage of α-proteobacteria was higher from nodule samples.Isolates from γ-proteobacteria was abundant in all the four kinds of samples.In addition, the enzymatic properties of isolates from the nodule sample were studied.The proportions of bacteria containing catalase or lipase (hydrolysis of Tween20 or Tween40) were high, in contrast, bacteria containing β-galactosidase or lipase (hydrolysis of Tween 80) had a lower proportion.Some unreported manganese oxidizing bacteria were also isolated from different samples, including Roseovarius nubinhibens, Sagittula stellata, Psychrobacter aquaticus, Zhongshania antarctica, other manganese oxidizing bacteria have only been reported in the genus level.All the isolates which had manganese oxidizing activity belonged to Proteobacteria, in the neighbour-joining phylogenetic tree using 16S rRNA gene sequences.In brief, the culturable bacteria were abundant from different samples of the nodule province, the isolation and identification of manganese oxidizing bacteria have significant roles to study the mechanism of polymetallic nodule's formation and the exploitation of marine minerals.关键词
东太平洋结核区/可培养细菌/酶学性质/锰氧化细菌/16S rRNA基因Key words
the east Pacific nodule province/culturable bacteria/enzymatic properties/manganese oxidizing bacteria/16S rRNA gene分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
程景广,于敏,戴晓风,张增虎,刘娜,安可,史晓翀,张晓华..东太平洋结核区可培养细菌的多样性研究[J].中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）,2017,47(6):42-52,11.基金项目
中国大洋协会项目(DY125-15-R-03)资助 Supported by China Ocean Mineral Resources R & D Association （DY125-15-R-03）
