草业学报2017，Vol.26Issue(4)：63-72,10.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2016367
施用生物炭对西南地区紫色土和黄壤的作用效果
Effect of biochar amendment on purple and yellow soil
摘要
Abstract
Purple soil was collected from the National Monitoring Base for Purple Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency in Beibei,Chongqing and yellow soil from Jinyunshan National Forest Park and used in a greenhouse pot experiment with rapeseed (Brassica napus).Rice husk biochar was applied at 0,0.8％,2.0％ and 4.0％ of the soil weight in each pot;CK,CT1,CT2 and CT3 respectively.The soil nutrient content,soil enzyme activity,microorganism density and plant growth indices were measured after 180 days.The results indicated that both soils were significantly improved by the addition of biochar,the best treatment being CT3.The organic matter content,total N,P,K,available N,P,K in CT3 were 1.3,1.2,4.0,1.1,0.9,33.1 and 18.0 times those of the CK for yellow soil respectively and 1.4,1.0,1.5,1.1,0.9,3.8 and 6.0 times the CK in the purple soil respectively.Compared with the CK,the application of biochar significantly increased the pH in both the purple and yellow soil.Biochar significantly increased the number of two species of soil bacteria,including actinomycetes,and promoted the growth of fungi in the purple soil.The numbers of bacteria and actinomycetes in the CT3 treatment were increased by 677％ and 395％ in the yellow soil,while the numbers of bacteria,actinomycetes and fungi in the purple soil were increased by 20％,88％ and 82％,respectively.Invertase and catalase activity were significantly increased by 106％ and 30％ in the CT3 treatment,respectively.Similarly,urease and catalase activity were increased by 150％ and 130％ respectively.Plant heights and biomass of rapeseed in the CT1 treatment were 4.6 times and 11.4 times of those of the CK in the yellow soil respectively,and 17％ and 8％ higher than those in CK in the purple soil respectively;other treatments suppressed growth.It was concluded that rice husk biochar could be used as amendment for yellow soil and purple soil in southwest region of China at appropriate application rates.关键词
生物炭/土壤养分/土壤微生物/土壤酶活性/作物生长Key words
biochar/soil nutrient/microorganism/enzyme activity/crop growth引用本文复制引用
张旭辉,李治玲,李勇,王洋清..施用生物炭对西南地区紫色土和黄壤的作用效果[J].草业学报,2017,26(4):63-72,10.基金项目
科技部农业科技成果转化资金项目(2013GB2F100396),西南大学博士基金项目(SWU113018)和中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(XDJK2012C035)资助. （2013GB2F100396）
