中国水稻科学2017，Vol.31Issue(3)：288-298,11.DOI:10.16819/j.1001-7216.2017.6143
控释掺混尿素对稻麦产量及氮素利用率的影响
Effects of Controlled Release Blend Bulk Urea on the Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Wheat and Rice
摘要
Abstract
[Objective]A field experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of controlled-release fertilizer(CRF) combined with urea(UR) on the yield, nitrogen use efficiency and growth in wheat-rice rotation system.[Method]Seven fertilization patterns including non- N fertilization(CK), farmers' practice(T1), 10% CRF+90% UR(T2), 20% CRF+80%UR(T3), 40% CRF+60% UR(T4), 80% CRF+20% UR(T5), 100% CRF(T6) were applied to test the effect of different nitrogen treatments on dry matter accumulation and distribution, the growth rate of dry matter, nitrogen accumulation and distribution, yield and yield components, nitrogen use efficiency.[Result] The dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in the mid-late stage of wheat and rice increased under the treatment with over 20% of controlled release fertilizer. Over 80%CRF addition decreased the dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in rice panicles, but increased accumulation in the stem and leaf, which resulted in late-maturing. Compared with T1, the yield was increased significantly with over 20% CRF addition, especially in the T4 treatment. The yield of wheat was increased by 14.23% and for rice, by 10.93%. Compared with T6, the yield of wheat increased by 7.37% and for rice, by 3.83% respectively. With the increasing CRF addition ratio, the nitrogen partial productivity(NPP), nitrogen agronomy efficiency(NAE), nitrogen uptake efficiency(NUPE), nitrogen apparent utilization efficiency(NAUE) increased both in wheat and rice at beginning and decreased afterwards, with the peak in T4. In all the nitrogen treatments, the lowest nitrogen harvest index(NHI) was abserved in T6, the NHI of wheat and rice decreased by 3.99% and 8.51%, respectively. With the increasing CRF ratio, the contribution rate of soil nitrogen(CRSN) in both wheat and rice decreased at beginning and then increased, with the valley in T4. Compared with T1, the CRSN of wheat decreased by 14.38% and for rice, by 15.84% under T4 treatment. [Conclusion]These results indicated that controlled-release fertilizer enhanced nitrogen absorption and distribution, promoted crop growth and development, as well as crops yield and nitrogen use efficiency. The rational addition ratio of CRF for wheat and rice production ranged frow 20% to 40%.关键词
稻麦轮作/控释掺混尿素/产量/氮素利用率Key words
rice-wheat rotation/controlled release blend bulk urea/yield/nitrogen use efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张敬昇,李冰,王昌全,罗晶,古珺,龙思帆,何杰,向毫,尹斌..控释掺混尿素对稻麦产量及氮素利用率的影响[J].中国水稻科学,2017,31(3):288-298,11.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD07B13) （2013BAD07B13）
四川省科技支撑计划资助项目(2012JZ0003). （2012JZ0003）
