生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(9)：2926-2934,9.DOI:10.5846/stxb201602020237
基于秸秆还田条件下的黄灌区稻旱轮作土壤硝态氮淋失特征研究
Effect of straw application to soil nitrate leaching of paddy-upland rotation in the Yellow River irrigation area
摘要
Abstract
The Yellow River irrigation area within Ningxia was a region severely polluted by non-point sources,where surface water quality in most drainage ditches was classified as Inferior Category V,and the primary pollutants were nitrate and ammonium.In this region a 5-year straw application and nitrate leaching experiment had been conducted,which consisted of 3 treatments:traditional fertilizing without rice straw amendment(CK),traditional fertilizing with 4500 kg/hm2 rice straw returning application (T1,semi),and traditional fertilizing with 9000 kg/hm2 rice straw amendment (T2,total).Nitrate nitrogen leaching losses within 10,20,30,60,90 cm soil layers were measured by the resin core method.Results indicated straw application could reduce soil nitrate leaching losses within the 30 cm layer.From the nitrate nitrogen loss of CK (15.76 kg/hm2),the loss of T1 (13.76 kg/hm2) and T2 (13.74 kg/hm2) all showed significant differences (P＜ 0.05),soil nitrate leaching losses were decreased by 12.71％ and 12.84％,respectively.However no significant differences (P＞0.05) was detected between T1 and T2.The effects of straw application were only observed in plowing layer (30 cm depth soil layer),no significant difference was detected between experimental treatments and control (CK) in deeper layers (60 and 90 cm) and in topsoil (10 and 20 cm).Straw application could increase soil organic matter (SOM) and total nitrogen (TN) content:SOM of T1 and T2 were increased by 0.89 g/kg and 1.24 g/kg compared to CK (13.78 g/kg).TN of CK,T1 and T2 were 0.64,0.66 and 0.69 respectively,at 0-30 cm layer,which were increased by 2.76％ and 6.83％.Straw application could also increase crop yield,rice production of T1 and T2 were increased by 9.24％ and 10.37％,and winter wheat yield were increased by 10.11％ and 11.51％,respectively.关键词
秸秆还田/黄灌区/稻旱轮作/土壤硝态氮/淋失Key words
straw application/the Yellow River irrigation area/paddy-upland rotation/soil nitrate/leaching引用本文复制引用
杨世琦,韩瑞芸,王永生,刘汝亮,谢晓军,杨正礼..基于秸秆还田条件下的黄灌区稻旱轮作土壤硝态氮淋失特征研究[J].生态学报,2017,37(9):2926-2934,9.基金项目
国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2014ZX07201-009) （2014ZX07201-009）
