中国水土保持科学2017，Vol.15Issue(2)：62-69,8.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2017.02.008
青海湖流域高原鼠兔扰动对不同地表类型土壤水分特征的影响
Effects of plateau pika's disturbance on soil moisture characteristics of different land surface types in Qinghai Lake watershed
摘要
Abstract
[Background] The plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) is a keystone species for maintaining the biodiversity on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,and its disturbance has an important influence on the function of alpine meadow ecosystem.To date,however,few studies have examined the soil moisture characteristics of different land surface types generated by the plateau pika's disturbance.[Methods] The study was carried out in the Qinghai Lake watershed,northeast of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.There are four typical land surface types generated by the plateau pika's disturbance:grassland,new mound,old mound and bare land.We investigated the characteristics of soil moisture and its corresponding influence factors (including soil clay content,soil organic matter,soil bulk density,vegetation coverage,and aboveground biomass) among four land surface types,based on the continuous measurement and sampling analysis.Firstly,we analyzed the response of soil moisture to various rainfall events,and the vertical distribution of monthly soil moisture of different land surface types.Then,the redundancy analysis (RDA) was used to get the key factors leading to these differences.[Results] Plateau pika's disturbance often generated various surface types,resulted in the direct and indirect effects on the soil physicochemical properties,and then changed the soil moisture characteristics of alpine meadow ecosystem.The response of soil moisture at shallow layer to various rainfall events was different.The beginning time of new mound and old mound was shorter than that of grassland and bare land,and the changing extent of soil moisture response to various rainfall events had the following trend:new mound ＞ old mound ＞ grassland ＞ bare land.The vertical distribution of soil moisture varied obviously between four land surface types during the whole growing season.With the increase of soil depth,the soil moisture firstly decreased and then increased for grassland,firstly increased and then decreased for new mound,and continually decreased for old mound and bare land.Generally,the soil moisture of grassland was higher than other land surface types,and the difference of soil moisture at the depth of 0-30 cm was the most significant.The key factors resulting in the differences of soil moisture among different land surface types included soil clay content,soil organic matter,soil bulk density,vegetation coverage,and aboveground biomass.[Conclusions] The experimental results showed that the plateau pika's disturbance accelerated the hydrological process in the beginning,and slowed it later.These results are essential in explaining the effect of plateau pika's disturbance on water conservation capacity of alpine meadow,and could also be beneficial to the management and protection of the ecosystem in Qinghai Lake watershed.关键词
高原鼠兔/地表类型/土壤水分/影响因素/青海湖流域Key words
plateau pika/land surface type/soil moisture/influence factor/Qinghai Lake watershed分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘文玲,马育军,吴艺楠,李小雁,刘磊,魏俊奇..青海湖流域高原鼠兔扰动对不同地表类型土壤水分特征的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(2):62-69,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年基金项目“高原鼠兔扰动对高寒草甸生态水文过程的影响研究”(41301013) （41301013）
国家自然科学基金重点项目“青海湖流域生态水文过程与水分收支研究”(41130640) （41130640）
