大气科学2017，Vol.41Issue(3)：490-500,11.DOI:10.3878/j.issn.1006-9895.1610.16138
中国东部暖季对流云与层状云的比例及与降水的对应关系
The Ratio of Convective Clouds to Stratiform Clouds and Corresponding Precipitation during the Warm Season in Eastern China
摘要
Abstract
Based on hourly cloud observations at weather stations in China from 1985 to 2011,temporal and spatial distributions of convective and stratiform clouds and the ratio of convective to stratiform clouds are analyzed.Combined with merged daily precipitation data,the corresponding relations between convective (stratiform) clouds and monsoon rain belt are studied.The results indicate that in the warm season (May-September),the averaged occurrence frequency of convective clouds is 15.4％ and that of stratiform clouds is 30.0％ in eastern China.The ratio of occurrence frequency of convective clouds to that of stratiform clouds is greater than 1 in Guangdong,Guangxi,eastern Hainan and most arcas of Guizhou Province,while it is less than 1 in other regions.The center of maximum occurrence frequency and areas of large amounts of stratiform clouds match well with the center of the monsoon rainfall.Their northward advances and southward retreats are consistent with the monsoon rain belt.This phenomenon indicates that precipitation on the monsoon rain belt is largely stratiform precipitation.On the other hand,the center of maximum occurrence frequency and areas of large amounts of convective clouds are located to the south of the monsoon rain belt.In South China and the Yangtze-Huaihe valley,changes in the occurrence frequency and amounts of convective clouds are opposite to those of stratiform clouds because the cloud types are dependent on atmospheric stratification.However,in northern China,convective clouds are positively correlated with stratiform clouds because atmospheric water vapor content is the critical factor that determines the formation and type of clouds.When the water vapor content increases in the monsoon season,the occurrence frequency and cloud cover of convective clouds and stratiform clouds both increase.If only considering the rainfall frequency,convective precipitation and stratiform precipitation coexist in southern China,but stratiform precipitation accounts for most of the precipitation in the Yangtze-Huaihe valley and North China.关键词
对流云/层状云/降水/比例关系Key words
Convective clouds/Stratiform clouds/Precipitation/Ratio of convective clouds to stratiform clouds分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
高翠翠,李昀英,寇雄伟,孙国荣..中国东部暖季对流云与层状云的比例及与降水的对应关系[J].大气科学,2017,41(3):490-500,11.基金项目
财政部/科技部公益类行业专项201306068,国家自然科学基金项目41475069、41205016 （）
the China R&D Special Fund for Public Welfare Industry (Grant 201306068),National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grants 41475069,41205016) （Grant 201306068）
