农业工程学报2017，Vol.33Issue(5)：238-247,10.DOI:10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.2017.05.035
中国东北多煤层老矿区采煤沉陷地损毁特征与复垦规划
Damage characteristics and reclamation planning for coal-mining subsidence in old multiple seam mining area in northeast China
摘要
Abstract
The long history of exploitation in an old multiple-seam mining area has caused severe land destruction,and the reuse of subsidence land needs to consider many different aspects.The geological topographic map and mining historical data (excavating,reserves,and so on) from the Hegang coal mine (Heilongjiang Province,Northeast China) were collected and investigated.The objective of this study was to analyze the current damage situation,predict the future subsidence,and put forward a land reclamation model for coal-mining subsidence.ArcGIS was used for statistical data analysis.Mine Subsidence Predictive Soft (MSPS) and the Probability Integral method were used for both short-term (2014-2020) and long-term prediction (from 2021 to mine closure) of subsidence.The degree of damage of the Hegang coal-mining subsidence was evaluated according to the predicted results and relevant regulations.The results showed that the subsiding area extended continuously.It increased by 1 468.19 hrn2 from 2013 to 2020.The severe damage area reached 411.37 hr2 in 2020.By mine closure,the subsiding area increased by 3 871.35 hm2,and the maximum sinking value reached up to 39.4 m in the Yixin mine.The area of severe damage reached 5 865.7 hm2,which was 56.34％ of the area of the total damage.The reuse of subsidence land showed a temporal variation,and land use plans should be made in accordance to this variation.In the period of 2013-2020,2 industrial parks were affected by coal mining mildly or moderately.From 2021 to mine closure,3 industrial parks and 2 new residential areas were affected with moderate or severe damage.According to the stability characteristics of subsidence land,Hegang coal mining subsidence could be divided into 4 areas:a stable region,a temporarily stable region,a dynamic region and a future subsidence area.The subsidence land in the temporarily stable region had different stability characteristics in each period,and it was stable from 2014 to 2020 and continuously sank after 2020.The regional stability characteristics and damage gradation of the subsidence land were basic information for the spatio-temporal reclamation planning of subsidence land.Over time,reclamation planning should be based on fully considering the damage gradation by the time the coal mine would be closed and the stability of the subsidence area.The design of the planning process should follow the principles that the stable region would first be reclaimed,followed by the temporarily stable region,the dynamic region and finally the future subsidence area.Therefore,the Hegang coal-mining subsidence was divided into a priority permanent reclamation area,a priority temporary reclamation area,a dynamic reclamation area and a future reclamation area.The spatial layout should determine the utilization of land in accordance to the timing of stable subsidence,damage gradation,land type and the economic development of Hegang City.The functional orientation of the priority permanent reclamation area was alternative industrial land due to the land stability,which could promote the economic development of Hegang City.The functional orientation of priority temporary reclamation area was temporary industrial land where short-term industries could operate for about 7 or 8 years.Lastly,the functional orientation of dynamic reclamation area was farm land because of the large areas of dry land and the severe damage gradation.This could guarantee the food security in the area.关键词
煤矿/沉陷地/复垦/规划/采煤沉陷/损毁Key words
coal mines/subsidence/reclamation/planning/coal-mining subsidence/damage分类
矿业与冶金引用本文复制引用
胡振琪,龙精华,张瑞娅,肖武,赵艳玲..中国东北多煤层老矿区采煤沉陷地损毁特征与复垦规划[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(5):238-247,10.基金项目
国土资源部公益性行业科研专项资助项目(200911015-03) （200911015-03）
