农业机械学报2017，Vol.48Issue(5)：227-236,10.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.05.028
黄土丘陵区旱作枣树规格与枣林耗水量关系研究
Relationships between Tree Crown Size and Water Consumption of Rain-fed Jujube Plantation in Loess Hilly Region
摘要
Abstract
In order to investigate the relationships between tree crown size and water consumption of rainfed jujube plantations,soil moisture under different conditions (natural planting,high-density dwarfing,stem-cutting,extreme dwarfing and pruning with different intensities) were measured by using the CNC100 neutron gauges,meanwhile,water balance method was used to calculate the water consumption and water use efficiency of above-mentioned jujube plantations.Results showed that compared with natural plantation,high-density dwarfed jujube trees reduced annual water consumption of 6.54 mm and water consumption depth of 13.3 cm,respectively.Moreover,it increased the water use efficiency to 1.8 kg/m3 (the lowest for natural jujube plantation was 2.1 kg/m3).The soil moisture restoration of 12 years old cutting stem jujube plantation reached 460 cm depth in the third year (153.3 cm per year on average),which was 3.41 times faster than the formation of soil dry layer.Extremely dwarfed jujube with half of normal crown size decreased the water consumption by 25％ and improved the water use efficiency by 1.26 times of natural jujube plantation,respectively.Pruning is an effective approach to improve soil water status and water use efficiency in jujube plantation because of the close relationship between crown size and jujube water usage.Furthermore,the reasonable pruning intensity,which aimed to obtain high yield and water use efficiency,should be determined based on local rainfall considering its high variability in the semi-arid Loess Plateau.关键词
枣树/旱作技术/林地耗水/黄土丘陵区Key words
jujube/technique of dryland farming/water consumption of plantation/loess hilly region分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
汪星,高志永,高建恩,汪有科,聂真义..黄土丘陵区旱作枣树规格与枣林耗水量关系研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(5):227-236,10.基金项目
“十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2015BAC01B03)和陕西省科技统筹创新工程计划项目(2014KTCG01-03) （2015BAC01B03）
