中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(6)：839-847,9.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.160981
不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响
Effect of tillage practice on carbon footprint of rainfed winter wheat
摘要
Abstract
It is crucial to mitigate greenhouse gas emissions from soil and to abate carbon emissions from the production of goods (e.g., fertilizers, seeds, etc.) and production processes (e.g., diesel consumption by machines) for sustainable agricul-tural production. In order to evaluate carbon footprint and carbon emission intensity of different tillage practices in rainfed field, a 15-year long-term experiment with three different tillage practices was conducted in Linfen, Shanxi Province, a typical semi-arid area in North China. The investigated tillage management practices were rotary tillage without straw incorporation (RT), straw incorporation and rotary tillage (SRT) and straw-mulch and no-tillage (SNT). Carbon footprint in the production life-cycle of different tillage practice of rainfed winter wheat was explored, in which N2O emissions from field were measured using the static chamber-gas chromatography method and the other emissions calculated by analyzing emissions from the production of main goods and the associated processes during life-cycle period of winter wheat. The results showed that N2O emissions under SNT and RT management practices were 19.2% and 18.9% lower than that under SRT practice, respectively. N2O emissions mainly occurred during the period from booting to maturity and then the period of summer fallow when soil temperature and moisture were most appropriate. N2O emissions derived directly from nitrogen fertilizer and carbon emissions from the processes of chemical fertilizer production explained the most share of carbon footprint in the life-cycle of rainfed winter wheat, accounting for 21.6% and 46.4% of the total carbon footprints, respectively. N2O emissions and carbon emissions de-rived from nitrogen fertilizer production and diesel consumption, and direct emission for field accounted for over 90% of the carbon footprint of rainfed winter wheat system. Carbon footprint under SNT practice was the lowest among three treatments, it was respectively 7.9%–11.0% and 6.9%–8.3% lower than those under SRT and RT. SNT management practice had the lowest carbon footprint among three tillage practices. Thus, straw incorporation with no-tillage was the most appropriate practice for sustainable agricultural production aimed at low greenhouse gas emissions and low carbon consumption in the semi-arid area of North China.关键词
秸秆还田/免耕/旱作小麦/N2O排放/碳足迹Key words
Straw incorporation/No-tillage/Rainfed wheat/N2O emission/Carbon footprint分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李萍,郝兴宇,宗毓铮,古润生,贾绍辉,董琦,郭李萍..不同耕作措施对雨养冬小麦碳足迹的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(6):839-847,9.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAD11B03,2015BAD23B00)、国家自然科学基金项目(31601212,31501276)、山西省科技攻关计划项目(20150311006-2,20140311011-7)和山西农业大学博士引进人才项目资助 This work was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2013BAD11B03, 2015BAD23B00), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31601212, 31501276), the Key Science and Technology Program of Shanxi Province, China (20150311006-2, 20140311011-7), and Shanxi Agricultural University Doctor Introduce Talents Projects. （2013BAD11B03,2015BAD23B00）
