动物营养学报2017，Vol.29Issue(6)：1930-1939,10.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.06.014
不同固液比例饲喂模式对断奶前后犊牛营养物质代谢及瘤胃发酵的影响
Effects of Different Feed Patterns of Solid and Liquid Feed Ratios on Nutrient Metabolism and Rumen Fermentation of Pre-and Post-Weaning Calves
摘要
Abstract
This experiment was conducted to search for a new way to wean for calves through evaluating the effects of different feeding patterns (solid and liquid feed ratios) on nutrient metabolism and rumen fermentation of pre-and post-weaning calves. Thirty-six Holstein bull calves aged 7 days were used and assigned to one of the three groups with 12 calves each.The nutritional ingredients in solid and liquid feeds in groups were the same.Three feeding patterns were set with similar total dry matter intake and verifying solid and liquid feed ratios.High liquid feed ratio (HL) group: solid and liquid feed ratio was kept at 1∶2 during 28 to 56 days of age, and calves were weaned at 56 days of age.Control (LS) group: solid and liquid feed ratio varied from 1∶2 to 1∶1 during 28 to 56 days of age, and calves were weaned at 56 days of age.High solid feed ratio (HS) group: solid and liquid feed ratio varied from 1∶2 to 1∶0 during 28 to 42 days of age, and calves were weaned at 42 days of age.The trial lasted for 77 days.Rumen fluid was collected at 28, 42, 56 and 84 days of age, digestion and metabolism trials were conducted at 35 and 63 days of age, respectively. The results showed as follows: compared with HS group, metabolizability of GE of pre-weaning calves in HL and LS groups were higher, but the difference was not significant (P>0.05);compared with HL group, metabolizability of digestive energy, nitrogen utilization and energy and nitrogen biological value of post-weaning calves in HS group were significantly increased (P<0.05).Compared with HL group, microbial protein content in rumen fluid of calves at 84 days of age in HS group were significantly increased (P<0.05).The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was not impacted by groups (P>0.05).Total volatile fatty acid concentration and butyrate proportion in rumen fluid of calves at 84 days of age in HS group were significantly higher than those in HL group (P<0.05), and propionate and pentanoate proportions were not significantly affected (P>0.05). In conclusion, the increase of solid feed at proper ratio can help to improve rumen fermentation, increase microbial protein synthesis, and increase metabolizability of energy, nitrogen biological value and nitrogen utilization for post-weaning calves;under high solid feed feeding pattern, there is some advantages to wean at 42 days of age when solid feed intake reached 1.0 kg/d.关键词
犊牛/固液饲料比例/微生物蛋白/营养物质代谢/瘤胃发酵Key words
calf/solid and liquid feed ratio/microbial protein/nutrient metabolism/rumen fermentation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马俊南,刁其玉,齐志国,周凯迪,杨春涛,毕研亮,屠焰..不同固液比例饲喂模式对断奶前后犊牛营养物质代谢及瘤胃发酵的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(6):1930-1939,10.基金项目
奶牛产业技术体系北京市创新团队 （）
国家科技支撑计划课题"华北农区及北方大城市奶牛健康养殖生产技术集成及产业化示范"(2012BAD12B06) （2012BAD12B06）
