果树学报2017，Vol.34Issue(6)：772-774,3.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170041
早熟甜樱桃新品种‘状元红’的选育
Breeding report of a new early-ripening sweet cherry cultivar ‘Zhuangyuanhong’
摘要
Abstract
‘Zhuangyuanhong’ is a good-quality mutation selected from sweet cherry ‘Hongdeng’.In 1999,an original plant was selected from the bud mutation of ‘Hongdeng’.It was found that its characteristics on the property and the quality were different from the former ‘Hongdeng’ fruits.Furthermore,it expressed some good characteristics such as big size,early ripening and good tasting.In 2002,the result indicated that the clone propagated by top graft has the same characteristics as its mother plants.We compared its characteristics with ‘Hongdeng’ in detail.The results showed that ‘Zhuangyuanhong’ is really a bud mutation.After years of observation,the comprehensive characters both top graft and grafted seedlings were always consistent with the mother plant.It was showed that it has stable genetic traits.It was released as ‘Zhuangyuanhong’ after the validation by the Committee of Liaoning Cultivar Registration in 2016.The trees have a half open gesture.Young trees grow strongly.After entering the fruit stage,the vigor of growth of the trees is middle.The leaves are elliptic,16.6 cm long,8.2 cm wide.The flower characteristics are as follows:petals suborbicular,overlapping,stamens lower than pistil,stamens are 33,average longitudinal diameter of petals is 1.4 cm,average horizontal diameter of it is 1.4 cm,and the average length of the flower stalk is 1.0 cm.Fruit shape is reniform with an early season cultivar.Average weight is 11.3 g and maximum weight is 14.3.The skin of the fruit is mauve.The content of soluble solid is 20.7％,the content of soluble sugar is 13.8％,the content of total acid is 7.5 g· kg-1,dry matter content is 22.1％,vitamin C is 118 rmg· kg-1 et al.Quality is excellent.The fruit development period is 42 d and it matures at the early June in Dalian area;the ratios of the fruiting branch of the 6 year-old plant are as follows:long branches is 11.2％,middle branches is 12.8％,short branches is 10.9％,flower bundle and cluster is 59.5％.Open pollination fruit rate is 44.2％.This variety can bear fruits after three years from the planting,and it has high yield potential.During the period of growth,diseases and insect pests are necessary to be controlled.The trees and the flower buds have strong cold hardiness,disease resistance such as bacterial perforation,leaf spot,and the strong ability of early deciduous.Compared with the usual varieties such as ‘ Jiahong’ ‘ Hongmi’ ‘ Hongyan’ ‘Tieton’,it has stronger resistance of the flow gum disease.The fruit is suitable for storage and transportation.The adaptability of the variety is strong,and the suitable planting range is wide.Orchard should choose neutral sandy soil and has ability of moisture and fertilizer retention;spacing in the rows and spacing between rows are 3 m×4 m or 3m ×5 m.The configurations of pollinizer are ‘ Summit’ ‘ Lapins’ ‘ Ranier’ and ‘ Wanhongzhu’ et al.关键词
甜樱桃/新品种/‘状元红’/早熟Key words
Sweet cherry/New cultivar/‘ Zhuangyuanhong’/Early-ripening分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
潘凤荣,郑玮,李俞涛,夏国芳,肖敏,赵柏霞,赵慧,刘红霞..早熟甜樱桃新品种‘状元红’的选育[J].果树学报,2017,34(6):772-774,3.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD02B03-5) （2013BAD02B03-5）
大连市科技计划项目——甜樱桃新品种选育及标准化生产技术研究(2015B11NC079) （2015B11NC079）
