生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(2)：683-691,9.DOI:10.5846/stxb201507271574
长江口及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构及季节变化
Seasonal variation in zooplankton community structure in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters
摘要
Abstract
Seasonal variation of zooplankton community structure,species composition,and dominant species were determined based on samples collected from 150 stations during four research cruises in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters (29° 30'N-32° 30'N,120° 00'E-127° 30'E).The study was conducted from July to August 2006 (Summer),December 2006 to February 2007 (Winter),April to May 2007 (Spring),and October to December 2007 (Autumn).The mesoscale study areas were positioned from the Changjiang Estuary to the transition area where freshwater from the Changjiang plume and offshore water masses,such as the Kuroshio and its branches,mix with each other.In total,460 species of zooplankton belonging to 246 genera and 18 groups from seven phyla,together with 54 types of pelagic larvae,were identified in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters during four seasons.The 18 groups of zooplankton included Hydromedusae,Siphonophora,Scyphomedusae,Ctenophora,Polychaeta,Cladocera,Copepoda,Ostracoda,Isopoda,Mysida,Cumacea,Amphipoda,Euphausiacea,Decapoda,Chaetognatha,Appendicularia,Thaliacea,and pelagic Mollusca.The most dominant group of zooplankton was Copepoda,including 193 species and accounting for 41.96％ of the total species.Amphipoda ranked second,with 51 species accounting for 11.09％ of the total species.Hydromedusa was the third dominant group of zooplankton with 34 species and accounted for 7.39％ of the total species.There was considerable seasonal and spatial variation in the community structure of zooplankton in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters.More zooplankton species were found in summer (317 species and 43 types of pelagic larvae) and autumn (309 species and 28 types of pelagic larvae) than in spring (230 species and 27 types of pelagic larvae) and winter (138 species and 21 types of pelagic larvae).The number of species increased gradually from the inshore to offshore waters and from north to south,during all seasons.There were seasonal changes in dominant species in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters:in spring and winter,Calanus sinicus was the most dominant species,but in summer and autumn,the most dominant species was replaced by Centropages dorsispinatus and Subeucalanus subcrassus,respectively.Only Calanus sinicus and Zonosagitta bedoti were dominant in all four seasons.Based on species composition and ecological distribution,the zooplankton community in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters could be divided into five ecological groups,including the coastal brackish water,eurythermal euryhaline,hypothermal hypersaline,hyperthermal euryhaline,and hyperthermal hypersaline group.The dominant species were distributed primarily in the coastal brackish water group and eurythermal euryhaline group.Furthermore,we measured environmental factors and determined the responses of the zooplankton community to the factors,including temperature,salinity,concentration of suspended matter,and concentration of chlorophyll a.Results of Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that the most important environmental factor influencing changes in zooplankton community structure in the Changjiang Estuary and its adjacent waters was salinity.Furthermore,the Changjiang diluted water introduced a large number of nutrients,which was beneficial to the growth of plankton,but the estuarine turbidity limited the distribution of zooplankton.关键词
长江口/浮游动物/群落结构/优势种/季节变化Key words
Changjiang Estuary/zooplankton/community structure/dominant species/seasonal variation引用本文复制引用
邵倩文,刘镇盛,章菁,孙栋,林施泉..长江口及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构及季节变化[J].生态学报,2017,37(2):683-691,9.基金项目
国际海域资源调查与开发“十二五”课题(DY125-11-E-03,DY125-14-E-01) （DY125-11-E-03,DY125-14-E-01）
中国海洋公益性项目(201005015) （201005015）
中国近海海洋综合调查与评价-水体环境调查与研究(908-ST04-Ⅰ,908-ST04-Ⅱ) （908-ST04-Ⅰ,908-ST04-Ⅱ）
