生态学杂志2017，Vol.36Issue(3)：713-718,6.DOI:10.13292/j.1000-4890.201703.021
太湖地区氮肥减量对水稻产量和氮素流失的影响
Effects of nitrogen reduction on rice yield and nitrogen loss in Taihu area
摘要
Abstract
In order to determine the suitable nitrogen application rate in high yielding rice field and reduce the agricultural non-point source pollution caused by excessive input of agricultural chemical fertilizer in Taihu area,a field experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen reduction on rice yield and nitrogen loss by surface runoff in a wheat-rice double cropping system.The nitrogen application rate was based on the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to rice by local farmers.The rice cultivar of Wuyunjing 29 was grown.Five treatments included no nitrogen fertilizer (NO),local custom fertilization (N1),nitrogen reduction 10％ (N2),nitrogen reduction 20％ (N3),and nitrogen reduction 30％ (N4).These treatments were all carried out with deep application of basic fertilizer by machinery and straw return.Rice yield of N2 treatment was roughly equivalent to that of N1 treatment because of former higher economic index.The total N loss of surface runoff of N2 treatment was reduced by 9.2％ compared with that of N1 treatment.From N1 to N4 treatments,the total N loss rate was decreased,but there was no significant difference between N1 and N2 treatments.From the point of view of rice nitrogen partial loss rate,the amount of nitrogen loss in N2 treatment was the least per kilogram of rice.It is proposed that through the deep application of basic fertilizer by machinery and straw return,10％ nitrogen reduction based on local custom fertilization levels in Taihu area can significantly reduce total nitrogen loss via surface runoff and nitrogen partial loss rate of rice and thus keep the nitrogen loss rate at a low level in the paddy field while maintaining the yield of rice.关键词
太湖地区/氮肥减量/水稻产量/地表径流/氮素流失Key words
Taihu area/nitrogen reduction/rice yield/surface runoff/nitrogen loss引用本文复制引用
刘红江,郭智,郑建初,陈留根,张岳芳,童红玉..太湖地区氮肥减量对水稻产量和氮素流失的影响[J].生态学杂志,2017,36(3):713-718,6.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目(2012BAD14B12)、江苏省农业科技自主创新资金项目[CX(15)1004]资助. （2012BAD14B12）
