中国全科医学2017，Vol.20Issue(12)：1480-1485,6.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2017.12.014
西部贫困农村地区婴幼儿社会情感现状及其影响因素研究
Social-emotional Status and Correlation Factors of Infants and Toddlers in Poor Rural Areas of Western China
摘要
Abstract
Background Social-emotional development plays a nonnegligible and vital role in the healthy growth and future development of infants and toddlers.Objective To investigate the social-emotional status and correlation factors in infants and toddlers in poor rural areas of western China,so as to put forward targeted improvement measures.Methods This study was conducted in June 2012. The participants were the caregivers (n =1328)of infants (aged 3 -20 months)from 78 selected villages governed by 26 towns in 9 national-level poor counties in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan and Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu by using multi - stage random sampling method. A face - to - face interview was conducted in the caregivers by using the structured questionnaire and Ages & Stages Questionnaires:Social Emotional (ASQ:SE). The structured questionnaire includes the demographic data of infants or toddlers (gender,age,nationality,the number of sibling,vaginal delivery or cesarean section,premature infants or not,birthplace,family subsistence allowances,the history of illness within two weeks,value of the house the family living in),and demographic information of the mothers of infants or toddlers (occupation, years of schooling, the most appropriate time for initiating breastfeeding, the situation of initiating breastfeeding,whether purchasing books related to infants or toddlers or not). We recorded the social-emotional status of the infants and toddlers and analyzed the correlation factors by using a multiple linear regression model.Results Atotal of 1328 questionnaires were issued,and both 1302 responsive ones were returned,suggesting that the responsiveness of the survey was 98. 04%,and the final participants were 1302. Status of the infants and toddlers found by the survey:52. 61%(685/1302)of them were male,47. 39% (617/1302 )were female;30. 18% (393/1302 )aged from 3 to 8 months,37. 86% (493/1302)aged from 9 to 14 months,31. 95%(416/1302)aged from 15 to 20 months;56. 61%(737/1302)had a history of illness within two weeks,the other 43. 39% (565/1302 )did not. Status of the mothers of infants or toddlers:in terms of occupation,1179 cases (90. 55%)were engaged in agriculture or looked after their children at home,123 cases (9. 45%) worked outside the hometown;991 cases (76. 11%)had less than 9 years of schooling,311 cases (23. 89%)had 9 years or over;breastfeeding should be initiated within the first hour after birth was in line with the thought of 442 cases (33. 95%), within 2-12 h after birth was in line with the view of 372 cases (28. 57%),within 13-24 h after birth was in line with the ideas of 74 cases (5. 68%),and over 24 h after birth was supported by 414 cases (31. 80%);445 cases (34. 18%)initiated breastfeeding early,the other 857 cases (65. 82%)did not;53 cases (4. 07%)had purchased books related to infants or toddlers,while 1249 cases (95. 93%)had not. The scores of ASQ:SE were (45. 1 ± 26. 4)(59. 0 ± 30. 3)(61. 5 ± 34. 1) in the infants or toddlers aged 3 -8 months,9 -14 months,and 15 -20 months,respectively. Of the 1302 infants and toddlers,751 (57. 68%)had social - emotional problems,including 190 (48. 35%) in age group of 3 -8 months,309 (62. 68%)in age group of 9 -14 months,and 252 (60. 58%)in age group of 15 -20 months. The correlation factors for ASQ:SE scores are the following:history of illness in infants or toddlers within two weeks (β =7. 62,P <0. 001 ),the occupation of mother (β = -7. 80,P =0. 038 ),years of schooling of the mother (β = -6. 18,P =0. 020 ),status of initiating breastfeeding (β= -5. 15,P=0. 011),and whether the mother purchasing books related to infants or toddlers or not (β=-8.37,P=0.043).Conclusion The incidence of social-emotional problems in infants and toddlers in poor rural areas of western China is relatively high. History of illness of the infants or toddlers within two weeks,occupation of the mother,years of schooling of the mother,status of initiating breastfeeding,and whether the mother purchasing books related to infants or toddlers are correlation factors for social -emotional problems occurring in infants or toddlers. Therefore,it is suggested that relevant medical workers should attach importance to the above factors,and actively create social and cultural atmosphere suitable for the growth of infants and toddlers,thereby reducing the likelihood of social-emotional problems occurring in them.关键词
贫困/农村人口/婴儿/社会情感/影响因素Key words
Poverty/Ruralpopulation/Infant/Social-emotional/Correlationfactors分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
叶睿雪,孙率,杨文博,吴玉菊,陈跃辉,周欢..西部贫困农村地区婴幼儿社会情感现状及其影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(12):1480-1485,6.基金项目
美国中华医学会基金(CMB)资助(CMB12-118) （CMB）
