江西农业大学学报2017，Vol.39Issue(3)：460-467,8.DOI:10.13836/j.jjau.2017060
不同猕猴桃雄株花粉量及花粉活力差异研究
Comparison of Pollen Quantity and Pollen Viability of 41 Male Plants in Actinidia
摘要
Abstract
Through comparing the pollen viability and pollen quantity in different male plants of kiwifruit,cultivars(strains)with excellent pollen characteristics were selected for a regional test.This research has the practical significance for realizing high quality and high yield of kiwifruit.In this experiment,forty-one Actinidia male plants,including A.deliciosa and A.chinensis, were collected from Wuhan Botanical Garden,Jiangxi Agriculture University and Fengxin County,Jiangxi Province,as experimental materials.The male flowers of kiwifruit in the large bud stage were gathered and stored in bag,then brought back to the laboratory and the anthers were peeled off.Fifty fully ripe and uncracked anthers were chosen and put into 2 mL centrifuge tube and the process was repeated 3 times.The tubes were put into an oven at 35 ℃ until dry.And the the amount of pollen were determined after the pollen was completely dispersed.The remained anthers were dried to obtain pollen under the condition of avoiding direct sunlight,and kept in-20 ℃ for determing the pollen viability.The results showed that thepollen viability of 87.8% samples varied between 40%~80% in all the tested materials,and the pollen viability of No.29,33,32,36,21 was 77.35%,79.51%,80.44%,80.68%,83.04%,respectively,which was significantly better than that of other cultivars.Though the pollen viability of No.2 and 3 was less than 40%,which was significantly lower than that of other cultivars,the pollen viability of No.3 was the weakest,only 5.01%.The maximum amount of pollen quantity contained in an anther was in No.26,which reached up to 1 951 grains,and the least was in No.39,one anther contained only 900 grains.Both of the two cultivars belong to A.chinensis, and suggesting the large difference in pollen quantity among A.chinensis.The difference of pollen quantity among A.deliciosa was in a range of 1 160-1 520 grains.In this research,the average pollen viability of A.chinensis(58.54%)was lower than that of A.deliciosa (67.99%),but its pollen quantity(1 415 grains)was higher than that of A.deliciosa (1 341 grains).Through statistical analysis of the pollen viability and the pollen quantity in different male plants of kiwifruit,the cultivars were divided into grade I,II and III.The cultivars wiht pollen viability less than or equal to 40% were classified as grade I,such as No.2 and 3.And the cultivars with pollen viability of 40%-80% were classified as grade II,such as Bangzeng-1,Moshan-4,No.29 and 33.Grade III referred to the cultivars with pollen viability more than or equal to 80%,such as No.21,32 and 36.The cultivars with pollen quantity in an anther of the male plants less than or equal to 1 200 grains were classified as grade I,such as No.39 and 31.And those with pollen quantity of 1 200-1 600 were classified as grade II,such as Bangzeng-1 and Moshan-4.Grade III referred to the cultivars with pollen quantity more than or equal to 1 600 grains,such as No.5,6 and 12.In this research,the pollen viability of most of the eight male plants of A.deliciosa was divided into grade II,including No.19,20,34,35,36,37 and Bangzeng-1,only No.36(80.68%)was divided into grand III.And the pollen viability in the male plants of A.chinensis was classified into grade I,II and III.According to the pollen quantity in male plants of A.deliciosa was classified into grade II except for No.37 which had only 1154 grains.And A.chinensis was classified into grand I,II and III.Kiwifruit is a dioecious plant,the pollen viability and pollen quantity of pollination varieties always play an important role in fruit setting rate and yield of the main cultivars.Through the analysis and classification of pollen viability and pollen quantity in male plants of kiwifruit,grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ had more pollen quantity and higher pollen germination rate,they can meet the requirements of pollination of kiwifruit production,and the rest of the cultivars were not recommended as pollination trees.关键词
美味猕猴桃/中华猕猴桃/雄株/花粉活力/花粉量Key words
A.deliciosa/A.chinensis/male plant/pollen viability/pollen quantity分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王斯妤,钟敏,廖光联,陈璐,徐小彪..不同猕猴桃雄株花粉量及花粉活力差异研究[J].江西农业大学学报,2017,39(3):460-467,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31360472)、江西省科技厅重大科技专项(20143ACF60015,20161ACF60007)、江西省教育厅落地计划(KJLD14026)和江西省猕猴桃产业技术体系建设专项(JXARS-05) Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31360472),Major Science and Technology Project of Jiangxi Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20143ACF60015,20161ACF60007),The Landing Plan of Education Department of Jiangxi Province(KJLD14026),Special Construction of Technology System in Kiwifruit Industry of Jiangxi Province(JXARS-05) （31360472）
