水土保持学报2017，Vol.31Issue(3)：141-146,6.DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.03.025
青海高寒山区5种林分的土壤特性及其水源涵养功能
Soil Characteristics and Water Conservation Function of Five Forest Types in Qinghai Alpine Region
摘要
Abstract
In order to quantitatively evaluate the soil characteristics and water conservation function of different forests in the alpine mountainous areas of Datong County of Qinghai Province and to provide a theoretical basis for reasonable spatial allocation of forests,immersion method,cutting ring method,fixed head method and sulfuric acid potassium dichromate method were used to determine litter properties,soil porosity,soil permeability and soil nutrient status of the 0-40 cm soil layers of five kinds of forest.The results showed that.(1) The litter size and the maximum water holding capacity of the litter in the five forest types were in the order of Picea crassi folia-Betula platyphylla ＞ P.crassi folia-Larix principis-rupprechtill ＞ P.crassi folia forest ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest ＞ Betula platyphylla forest.(2) In the 0-40 cm soil layer,the average soil organic matter content was in the order of P.crassifolia-L.principis-rupprechtill ＞ P.crassifolia-B.platyphylla ＞ B.platyphylla forest ＞ P.crassifolia forest ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest.(3) In the 0-40 cm soil layer,soil bulk density of five kinds of forest types increased with the increment of soil depth,and followed the order of B.platyphylla forest ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest ＞ P.crassifolia-B.platyphylla ＞ P.crassifolia forest ＞ P.crassifolia-L.principis-rupprechtill.(4)In the 0-40 cm soil layer,total porosity of the soil under five forest types decreased with the increment of soil depth.The mean value of soil total porosity was in the order of P.crassifolia-L.principis-rupprechtill ＞P.crassifolia forest ＞ P.crassifolia-B.platyphylla ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest ＞ B.platyphylla forest.(5) In the 0-40 cm soil layer,soil average infiltration rate of the five types of forests was in the order of B.platyphylla forest ＞ P.crassifolia-B.platyphylla ＞ P.crassifolia-L.principis-rupprechtill ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest ＞ P.crassifolia forest.(6) Based on the total water-holding capacity of litter and soil,water conservation function of the five types of forests followed the order of P.crassifolia-L.principis-rupprechtill (4 427.40 t/hm2) ＞ P.crassifolia forest (4 365.33 t/hm2) ＞ P.crassifolia-B.platyphylla (4 055.04 t/hm2) ＞ L.principis-rupprechtii forest (3 729.64 t/hm2) ＞ B.platyphylla forest (2 650.31 t/hm2).关键词
林地类型/土壤孔隙度/水源涵养/枯落物/土壤渗透性Key words
forest types/soil porosity/water conservation/litter/soil permeability分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘凯,贺康宁,田赟,王先棒,董喆..青海高寒山区5种林分的土壤特性及其水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):141-146,6.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划“西北高寒山区防护林体系定向调控技术研究与示范”(2015BAD07B030302) （2015BAD07B030302）
