水土保持学报2017，Vol.31Issue(3)：147-153,7.DOI:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2017.03.026
托木尔峰自然保护区台兰河上游森林植被水源涵养功能
Water Conservation Function of Forest Ecosystems in the Upper Tailan River in the Mount Tumor Nature Reserve
摘要
Abstract
To evaluate the water conservation capacity of forests in the Mount Tumor Nature Reserve quantitatively,comprehensive water storage capacity method was used to investigate the canopy interception capacity (C),litter water-holding capacity (L),soil water storage capacity (S) of Picea schrenkiana forest ecosystems in the upper Tailan River,then a comprehensive evaluation of its water conservation function was made.The results showed that:(1) In the four sample areas,the canopy interception capacity followed the order og the middle altitude spruce forest (29.94 mm) ＞ higher altitude spruce forest (20.56 mm) ＞ high altitude spruce forest (11.72 mm) ＞ low altitude mixed broad leaf-conifer forest (5.84 mm),and the stem flow showed the opposite order.(2) Except for the middle altitude spruce forest,the average thickness of un-decomposed litter was thicker than that of the intermediately decomposed layer.The high altitude spruce forest had the largest average volume of decomposed layer (79.32 t/hm2),while the middle altitude spruce forest had the largest intermediately decomposed layer (59.47 t/hm2).On the whole,the rank of the maximum water holding capacity was the middle altitude spruce forest (32.55 mm) ＞ the high altitude spruce forest (31.05 mm) ＞ the higher elevation spruce forest (30.78 mm) ＞ the low altitude mixed broad leafconifer forest (12.84 mm).(3) Soil bulk density in the four sampled forests ranged from 0.73 g/cm3 to 1.06 g/cm3.Both the average soil porosity and water holding capacity of capillary pore in the 30 cm soil layer were in the order of the middle altitude spruce forest ＞ the higher altitude spruce forest ＞ the high altitude spruce forest ＞ the low altitude mixed broad leaf-conifer forest.Overall,soil moisture content of natural forests increased with the increase of the altitude.The average water holding capacity of non-capillary pore in the 30 cm soil layer followed the order of the middle altitude spruce forest (37.6 mm) ＞ the higher altitude spruce forest (30.7 mm) ＞ the high altitude spruce forest (25.73 mm) ＞ the low altitude mixed broad leaf-conifer forest (13.92 mm).(4) Comprehensive water conservation capacity of the forest ecosystems in the study area was bwteen 141.12 and 280.84 mm,with the low altitude mixed broad leaf-conifer forest and the middle altitude spruce forest having the smallest and largest water holding capacity,respectively.The soil layer contributed the most to water conservation,accounting for 77.75 ％-86.96 ％.Comprehensive effective water storage capacity was far less than the theoretical total capacity,but could work well in the water conservation function as well as water and soil conservation effect.关键词
托木尔峰自然保护区/台兰河上游/雪岭云杉/水源涵养Key words
Mount Tumor Nature Reserve/Upper Tailan River/Picea schrenkiana/water conservation分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
马国飞,满苏尔·沙比提..托木尔峰自然保护区台兰河上游森林植被水源涵养功能[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):147-153,7.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(41461107) （41461107）
新疆师范大学地理学博士点支撑学科开放课题基金项目(XJNU-DL-201608) （XJNU-DL-201608）
