烟草科技2017，Vol.50Issue(5)：10-18,9.DOI:10.16135/j.issn1002-0861.2016.0424
土壤改良剂对黔西北两种植烟土壤氮矿化的影响
Effects of soil amendment on nitrogen mineralization of soils at two altitudes in northwest Guizhou
摘要
Abstract
To evaluate the effects of soil amendment on nitrogen mineralization characteristics of soils at different altitudes, a simulated field experiment was conducted to study the effects of soil amendment on nitrogen mineralization and nitrification in soils, yellow soils (Q) at the altitude of 1320 m and brown soils(W) at the altitude of 2120 m from Bijie in Guizhou. Stanford method (aerobic culture method under indoor constant temperature and intermittent leaching) was adopted, and the control and three treatments with different T20 addition rates (1%, 2% and 5%) were set up. The results showed that comparing with the control, the accumulated mineralized N of Q1 (Q+1%T20), Q2 (Q+2%T20), Q3 (Q+5%T20), W1 (W+1%T20) and W2 (W+2%T20) increased by 21.35%, 37.66%, 26.06%, 10.83% and 5.71%, respectively; however that of W3 (W+5%T20) decreased by 4.50%. With the rise of T20 addition rate, the accumulated mineralized N decreased. The fitting results of quasi-one stage kinetic equation Nt=Nt0(1-e-kt)indicated that there was a good correlation between the amount of accumulated mineralized N and time. Determination coefficient R2 (0.9563-0.9859) from the fitted equation had significantly difference. Mineralization potential (N0) of yellow soil was 69.45 mg·kg-1 on average. Soil mineralization rates (k) of the treatments with different addition rates were higher than the control, and soil mineralization rate increased with the rise of addition rate. Accumulated mineralized N (Nt, N15/Nt and N0/TN) and mineralization index (N0 × k) of different treatments increased first then decreased, and mineralization potential (N0), accumulated mineralized N (Nt, N15/Nt and N0/TN) and mineralization index (N0 × k) of brown soil decreased with the increase of T20 addition rate. The fitting results of equation NtNO3=Nt0/(1+ea-bt) showed that the determination coefficient R2 (0.9832-0.9999) from the fitted equation for nitrate N accumulation in soils at two altitudes and time significantly differed. With the increase of T20 addition rate, Vmax and Tmax increased first then decreased, nitrification promotion rates of Q increased from -8.34% to 7.90%, mineralization promotion rates of Q and nitrification promotion rates of W increased first then decreased, and mineralization promotion rate of W decreased from 10.80% to -4.49%. Therefore, application of 2% soil amendment promoted the mineralization and nitrification of soil organic nitrogen in tobacco-planting areas of northwest Guizhou, which is beneficial to improving the effective use of N and promoting the soil fertility at the two altitudes in northwest Guizhou.关键词
土壤改良剂/黄壤/棕壤/海拔/氮素/矿化/硝化作用Key words
Soil amendment/Yellow soil/Brown soil/Altitude/Nitrogen/Mineralization/Nitrification分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
潘金华,庄舜尧,黄化刚,陈雪,史学正,曹志洪..土壤改良剂对黔西北两种植烟土壤氮矿化的影响[J].烟草科技,2017,50(5):10-18,9.基金项目
贵州省烟草公司毕节市公司科技专项项目"土壤深耕对毕节烤烟产质量提升及机理研究"(毕节合2015-01) （毕节合2015-01）
上海烟草集团有限责任公司科技专项项目"烟草优质高效生态安全的土肥一生管理技术之研究与示范"(CF56.1-ZJ5). （CF56.1-ZJ5）
