中国全科医学2017，Vol.20Issue(19)：2407-2413,2418,8.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1007-9572.2017.19.022
3~5岁儿童助人与分享行为的发展特点及影响因素研究
Characteristics of Development and Influential Factors of the Helping and Sharing Behavior in 3-5-year-old Preschool Children
摘要
Abstract
Objective This study investigated the developmental diversity of the helping and sharing behavior in 3-5-year-old children,as well as parenting style and children's temperament influence on them,so as to offer some xplanations for the diversity between two specific prosocial behavior categories.Methods From May to July 2013,108 3-5-year-old children were sampled from 2 kindergartens of a private education group for helping task(picking up omething for others) and sharing task(dictator game),and their parents received a questionnaire survey,filling out the Children's Behavior Questionnaire Short Form(CBQ) and Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire(PSDQ).The final participants were 94 children participating in the task and their parents returned responsive questionnaires.Results In the participants,the average scores of children's helping behavior,sharing behavior,surgency,negative affectivity and effortful control were 2.5,1.2,4.6,4.2 and 5.0,respectively;and those of mother's authoritative parenting tyle,mother's authoritarian parenting style,father's authoritative parenting style,father's authoritarian parenting style were 3.9,2.0,3.7 and 1.8 respectively.Children's helping behavior scores had no linear correlation with haring behavior scores(r=-0.08,P=0.64).Analyses with three-level hierarchical regression models found that age positively predicted children's helping behavior(β=0.46,0.45,0.43,P<0.05);analysis based on the third hierarchical regression model revealed that father's authoritarian parenting style positively predicted children's helping behavior(β=0.26,P<0.05),while mother's authoritarian parenting style positively predicted children's sharing behavior(β=0.25,P<0.05).Conclusion Helping and sharing behavior display different characteristics of development in early childhood and only can be affected by father's or mother's authoritarian parenting style respectively in this study,which imply that these two prosocial behavior categories have relatively unique developmental trajectories.关键词
儿童/亲社会行为/分享行为/助人行为/父母教养方式/气质Key words
Children/Prosocial behavior/Sharing behavior/Helping behavior/Parenting style/Temperament分类
医药卫生引用本文复制引用
毕岢,吴丽芸,施建农,张真..3~5岁儿童助人与分享行为的发展特点及影响因素研究[J].中国全科医学,2017,20(19):2407-2413,2418,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金青年项目(31000469) （31000469）
