核农学报2017，Vol.31Issue(8)：1567-1575,9.DOI:10.11869/j.issn.100-8551.2017.08.1567
耕作方式和氮肥水平对旱地冬小麦籽粒品质的影响
Effect of Tillage Model and Nitrogen Rate on Grain Quality of Dryland Winter Wheat
摘要
Abstract
To investigate effects of tillage model and nitrogen rate on grain quality of dryland winter wheat,field experiments were carried out in the Qingshui Experimental Station of the Wheat Research Institute,Gansu Academy of Agricultural Science,which is located in the typical dryland rainfall farming area,selecting 4 soil tillage models (conventional tillage,CT.Conventional tillage with straw integrated in soil,CTI.No tillage with straw mulching,NTS.Conventional tillage with plastics mulching,PM) and 4 nitrogen rates (75 kg·hm-2,N1.150 kg·hm-2 N2.225 kg·hm-2,N3.300 kg·hm-2,N4).The result showed that tillage model and nitrogen rate have significant effects on grain yield,protein content,protein components,wet gluten and dough stability time.Compared to CT,PM availed to improve the processing quality by significantly increasing the grain protein content,Glu/Gli and dough stability time.Conversely,the values in protein content,wet gluten,globulin,glutenin and Glu/Gli observed under no tillage with straw mulching (NTS),were much lower than under CT.Nitrogen application significantly increased protein content,wet gluten,protein components,as well as dough extensibility and water absorption.Compared with N1,the content of gliadin,glutenin,globulin and albumin under N4 were increased by 56.38％,27.60％,20.87％ and 17.03％,respectively.Among the four types of protein components,nitrogen application was most benefical to accumulate of gliadin,hence excessive nitrogen application decreased Glu/Gli,dough stability time and R/E.Under the same nitrogen rate,the average grain yield under the various tillage methods followed the order of PM ＞ CTI ＞ CT ＞ NTS,and the grain yield under PM amounted to 6259.63 kg·hm-2 which was higher by 6.24％,10.54％,20.95％ than those of CTI,CT and NTS,respectively.Under the same tillage model,the average grain yield under the various nitrogen rates were accorded with the order of N2 ＞ N3 ＞ N4 ＞ N1,and the grain yield under N2 amounted to 6184.64 kg·hm-2 which was higher by 5.78％,7.31％ and 19.06％ than that of N3,N4 and N1,respectively.The study results confirmed that conventional tillage with plastics mulching and 150 kg· hm-2 nitrogen application,is not only capable of dramatically increasing the wheat grain yield but also conducive to improve the processing quality,and is the optimal model of tillageand nitrogen application for the purpose of achieving high yield and quality in wheat production in the Gansu dryland rainfall farming area.This study provides a theoretical basis for the cultivation winter wheat with high yield and good quality in this area.关键词
耕作方式/氮肥水平/旱地/冬小麦/籽粒品质Key words
tillage model/nitrogen rate/dyland/winter wheat/grain quality引用本文复制引用
张礼军,何春雨,张耀辉,鲁清林,白玉龙,周刚,汪恒兴,张文涛,白斌,周洁..耕作方式和氮肥水平对旱地冬小麦籽粒品质的影响[J].核农学报,2017,31(8):1567-1575,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31360313),甘肃省自然基金项目(130RJzA185),国家小麦产业技术体系甘肃综合试验站(CARS-03) （31360313）
