农业环境科学学报2017，Vol.36Issue(7)：1395-1405,11.DOI:10.11654/jaes.2016-1674
不同土壤添加剂对太湖流域水稻产量及氮磷养分利用的影响
Effects of different soil additives on rice yield and utilization of nitrogen and phosphorus in the Tai Lake region
摘要
Abstract
Agricultural nonpoint source pollution has been one of the main causes of water eutrophication in the Tai Lake region. Biochar, microbial agents, and nitrification inhibitors, individually or in combination, were added to the paddy soil in this study in order to evaluate the effect of different soil additives on paddy nonpoint pollution control. The effects on rice growth and yield, N and P uptake by rice, N and P concentration in surface water, and soil nutrient status after harvest were investigated. The results showed that all the soil additives en-sured rice growth and promoted yield, with biochar, biochar combined with microbial agents, or nitrification inhibitors significantly increas-ing rice yield by 57.5%, 66.1%, and 45.4%, respectively, compared with the treatment without soil additive. The biochar combined with mi-crobial agents treatment significantly increased the plant N uptake and N recovery efficiency, but all the treatments with additives signifi-cantly improved the agronomy efficiency and physiological efficiency of N, with the biochar treatment and the biochar and microbial agent combination treatment performing the best. Compared to the treatment without additives, the treatment with microbial agents increased the total N concentration in surface water, whereas other treatments, especially the treatment combining biochar with other additives, significantly decreased the total N concentration in surface water for the basal fertilizer stage. At the panicle fertilizer stage, all treatments with additives, except the combination treatment of biochar and microbial agents, obviously increased the N concentration of surface water. The total P con-centration of surface water increased slightly at the basal and panicle fertilizer stages, but the difference was not significant when compared with the treatment without additives. No significant difference was observed in the soil fertility between the treatments with and without soil additives. For comprehensive consideration of yield, nitrogen use efficiency, and nutrient loss risk of surface water, the treatment combining microbial agents with biochar was best for maintaining the high paddy yield and reducing nutrient loss risk during the early fertilization period of the paddy. Therefore, this combination treatment is promising for controlling nonpoint source pollution in the Tai Lake region.关键词
水稻/土壤添加剂/产量/氮肥利用率/田面水养分浓度Key words
paddy/soil additive/yield/nitrogen use efficiency/nutrient concentration in surface water分类
资源环境引用本文复制引用
刘雅文,马资厚,潘复燕,杨林章,薛利红..不同土壤添加剂对太湖流域水稻产量及氮磷养分利用的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(7):1395-1405,11.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503106) （农业）
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0801101) （2016YFD0801101）
江苏省自主创新项目(CX(15)1004) Special Fund for Agro-Scientific Research in the Public Interest(201503106) （CX(15）
The National Research Program of China(2016YFD0801101) （2016YFD0801101）
The Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund(CX(15)1004) （CX(15）
