气象2017，Vol.43Issue(6)：735-744,10.DOI:10.7519/j.issn.1000-0526.2017.06.010
降雪含水比研究进展
Advances in Snow-to-Liquid Ratio
摘要
Abstract
Same as with quantitative precipitation forecast (QPF),snowfall depth forecasting is one impor-tant operation of weather forecasting in winter,and the relationship between snowfall depth and precipita-tion which is called snow-to-liquid ratio (SLR)abroad is an important parameter required to forecast snow-fall depth.In this paper,the main research progresses in variations of SLR and its impact factors at home and aboard in recent decades are reviewed,and the SLR forecast techniques and methods are summarized and compared.Studies indicate that SLR changes obviously in temporal scale,and has seasonal and spatial distribution differences.Air temperature and relative humidity are the two most important meteorological factors affecting SLR.In addition,other meteorological factors such as pressure,vertical motion,surface wind,snowfall weight,solar radiation and snow melting also affect SLR in different degrees.With the de-velopment of prediction technology,the methods of SLR forecasting can be summarized as three catego-ries,including climatological,statistical and physical methods.The climatological method is too simple, the application of new statistical methods could improve the prediction ability of SLR,but this method stillcannot get rid of the inherent deficiencies of statistics.Comparatively,the method based on the numerical model for predicting instantaneous SLR fits the developing trend toward refinement in snowfall depth fore-cast in future.At present,observation data of snowfall depth are less and the observation frequency is low in China,thus it is important to effectively carry out the surface snowfall and sounding observation dense-ly,and solve the problem of lack of observation data in the research of SLR.Besides,based on the opera-tional numerical weather prediction model exploring the influence mechanism of meteorological factors on SLR and establishing the forecast operation system suitable for winter snowfall are the developing trend in China.关键词
降雪深度/降雪含水比/变化特征/影响因子/预报Key words
snowfall depth/snow-to-liquid ratio/variation characteristics/impact factors/forecasting分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
崔锦,周晓珊,阎琦,张爱忠,李得勤,杨阳..降雪含水比研究进展[J].气象,2017,43(6):735-744,10.基金项目
公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY201306049)资助 （气象）
