生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(13)：4318-4326,9.DOI:10.5846/stxb201601210145
土荆芥挥发油化感胁迫对土壤胞外酶活性和微生物多样性的影响
Allelochemical stress effects of volatile oils from Chenopodium ambrosioides on extracellular enzyme activities and soil microbial diversity
摘要
Abstract
Interactions between invasive plants and soil microorganisms play a key role in the invasion process.Exotic plants often produce allelochemicals that inhibit the growth of native plants by inducing changes in the physical and chemical properties of the soil,as well as to the structure of the soil microbial community.Chenopodium ambrosioides,an annual or short-lived perennial herb within the family Chenopodiaceae native to Central and South America,poses a threat to ecosystem structure and function in China.C.ambrosioides is rich in volatile oils,which are released into soils via root exudation and plant decomposition.Previous studies investigating the invasion mechanisms of C.ambrosioides focused primarily on its impacts on the growth of native plants and neglected its potential influences on soil microbial structure.Here,we used the greenhouse flask method to study the effects of volatile oils produced by C.ambrosioides on soil microbial diversity and extracellular enzyme activities.The results indicated that volatile oils deriving from C.ambrosioides inhibited the activity of soil urease,acid phosphatase,invertase and nitrate reductase (P＜0.05),and high doses of these volatile oils significantly enhanced the activity of catalase (P＜0.05).Moreover,the volatile oils had a strong influence on soil enzyme activities during the early stages of treatment,but this effect diminished considerably over time.Bacterial abundance was significantly higher in treatment groups receiving high doses (20 μL and 50 μL) of volatile oils than in the control groups (P＜0.05) after 16 days of treatment,indicating that the volatile oils greatly influenced soil microorganism diversity;for instance,Actinomycetes were abundant when exposed to only low doses of volatile oils,but their populations declined at higher doses.Both Shannon-Wiener and Margalef indices indicated that bacterial and fungal diversity increased with increasing volatile-oil dose and treatment time.In conclusion,volatile oils produced by C.ambrosioides altered the microbial community structure and extracellular enzyme activities in soils,and increased soil microbial diversity.关键词
土荆芥/挥发油/化感胁迫/土壤胞外酶/土壤微生物多样性Key words
Chenopodium ambrosioides/volatile oil/allelochemical stress/soil extracellular enzyme/soil microbial community diversity引用本文复制引用
王亚男,李睿玉,朱晓换,马丹炜,张红..土荆芥挥发油化感胁迫对土壤胞外酶活性和微生物多样性的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(13):4318-4326,9.基金项目
国家自然基金面上项目(31370549) （31370549）
四川省教育厅重点项目(16ZA0056,16ZB0058) （16ZA0056,16ZB0058）
