应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(5)：1489-1497,9.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.032
坡向和海拔对高寒草甸山体土壤水热和植物分布格局的定量分解
Quantitative apportionment of slope aspect and altitude to soil moisture and temperature and plant distribution on alpine meadow
摘要
Abstract
For understanding the effect of aspect and altitude of hill on soil moisture and temperature as well as the vegetation community,we selected an alpine meadow located on a hill in northeastern Tibet Plateau as our study area.Data on soil moisture and temperature,as well as plant distribution pattern in this mountain ecosystem were collected.We used regression analysis,CCA ordination and variance decomposition,to determine the impacts of the key factors (aspect,altitude,soil temperature and moisture) on plant diversity distribution in 189 sample sites of the hill.The results showed that the plant diversity of shady aspect and bottomland was highest and lowest,respectively.The plant diversity of the shady aspect and on the ridge of the hill increased initially and then decreased with the increasing altitude,but the plant diversity of the sunny aspect increased with the increasing altitude.At 0-30 cm soil layer,the soil temperature of the sunny aspect was higher than that of other aspects,but the soil temperature at 0-20 cm soil layer did not change with the increasing altitude.The soil moisture of shady aspect was higher than that of other aspects,and increased with the increasing altitude.The aspect and altitude explained 100％ of soil temperature changes and 51.8％ of soil moisture variation.Aspect alone explained 72.2％ of soil temperature variation and altitude alone explained 51.8％ of soil moisture variation,which had the highest contribution rate individually.Most plants were distributed on the shady aspect and on the ridge,and at medium altitude.Sedges mainly grew on the shady aspect,while Gramineae grew on the sunny aspect,the ridge was an ecotone.Cyperaceae,Gramineae and Leguminosae were mainly distributed in low altitude zone.Hill aspect and altitude totally explained 28.6％ of plant abundance variation,hill aspect alone explained 19.9％ of plant abundance variation.The management of grassland production and ecological restoration in alpine meadow ecosystem should consider the effect of landform on soil and vegetation,and the hill aspect should be priority factor instead of altitude when planning management interventions.关键词
土壤水热/植物多样性/坡向/海拔Key words
soil moisture and temperature/plant diversity/slope aspect/altitude引用本文复制引用
牛钰杰,周建伟,杨思维,王贵珍,刘丽,花立民..坡向和海拔对高寒草甸山体土壤水热和植物分布格局的定量分解[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1489-1497,9.基金项目
本文由国家自然科学基金项目(31460635)资助 This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31460635). （31460635）
