应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(5)：1563-1570,8.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201705.025
不同生育期持续干旱对玉米的影响及其与减产率的定量关系
Effects of continuous drought during different growth stages on maize and its quantitative relationship with yield loss
摘要
Abstract
To investigate the influences of continuous decline of soil water content during different growth stages on the growth,development and yield of maize,artificial water control experiment with a rainout shelter were conducted,and the dynamic variations of several physiological and ecological indices of maize were analyzed,including plant height,leaf area index (LAI),photosynthesis characteristics,aboveground biomass,and yield.The experimental factors considered in this field experiment were the starting time and duration of water control.Rainfall was sheltered from jointing with duration of 20 (T1) and 27 days (T2) and from heading with duration of 20 (T3) and 27 days (T4) for each starting time.In total,there were 5 treatments in this field experiment,including the treatment of control check (CK).The results indicated that LAI was reduced by continuous drought with leaves rolling,tresses and early aging of lower leaves,thus biomass accumulation and grain yield were reduced.At the end of each treatment of continuous drought,LAI was reduced to 74.9％,68.2％,60.5％ and 48.3％ of the CK LAI for the T1 to T4 treatments,respectively.After experiencing continuous water control,the maximum photosynthetic rate (P) of leaf decreased gradually,with Pn max decreased to 23％ of the CK P for the treatment T1 and T3,and to less than 10％ of the CK Pn max for the treatment T2 and T4 at the end of each treatment.Two weeks after re-watering,Pn max recovered to around 90％ of the CK Pn max.Compared with CK,grain yield decreased by 18.5％ and 24.0％ for the T1 and T2 treatments,and by 46.1％ and 45.8％ for the T3 and T4 treatments,respectively.Continuous drought brought about more serious effects during heading period than during jointing period on aboveground biomass and yield components.The drought condition of soil could be represented by drought degree (D),which was linearly correlated with maize yield loss and could be used to predict the yield loss.关键词
持续干旱/干旱程度/产量构成/产量/减产率Key words
continuous drought/drought degree/yield component/yield/yield loss引用本文复制引用
米娜,蔡福,张玉书,纪瑞鹏,于文颖,张淑杰,方缘..不同生育期持续干旱对玉米的影响及其与减产率的定量关系[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(5):1563-1570,8.基金项目
本文由辽宁省农业领域青年科技创新人才培养计划项目(2014060,2015060)和辽宁省农业攻关及成果产业化项目(2014210003)资助 This work was supported by the Cultivation Plan for Youth Agricultural Science and Technology Innovative Talents of Liaoning Province (2014060,2015060),and the Agricultural Research and Achievements Industrialization Project of Liaoning Province (2014210003). （2014060,2015060）
