应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(6)：1889-1898,10.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201706.008
氮肥运筹对小麦产量、氮素利用效率和光能利用率的影响
Effect of nitrogen management modes on grain yield, nitrogen use efficiency and light use efficiency of wheat
摘要
Abstract
A nitrogen management experiment with three nitrogen levels (0,120,and 180 kg · hm-2,namely N0,N120,N180) and three nitrogen allocation modes (NA:base fertilizer 100％;NB:base fertilizer 70％ + seedling fertilizer 30％;Nc:base fertilizer 60％ + jointing fertilizer 40％) was conducted at four sites (Chongqing,Renshou,Guanghan and Xichang) during two consecutive years,the SPAD value,canopy photosynthetic rate (CAP),photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) interception efficiency and grain yield were determined,and the nitrogen use efficiency and PAR use efficiency were calculated.The results showed that the SPAD of upper-most three leaves,CAP,PAR interception efficiency and grain yield were promoted with increasing nitrogen fertilizer,but nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency,productivity efficiency,uptake efficiency and use efficiency were decreased.The promoting effects of nitrogen fertilizer postponing were different among nitrogen levels,with the highest SPAD in N180 treatment and the highest CAP in N120 treatment.The light use efficiency of different nitrogen fertilization patterns differed among four sites.Furthermore,nitrogenous fertilizer postponing significantly increased nitrogen agricultural fertilizer use efficiency,productivity efficiency,uptake efficiency and apparent nitrogen recovery efficiency,but declined nitrogen use efficiency,and the performance of Nc was better than NB.Among different sites,Guanghan had the highest SPAD,CAP,PAR interception efficiency and grain yield,Xichang had higher SPAD and nitrogen use efficiency,lower CAP and PAR use efficiency,Chongqing and Renshou had the lowest SPAD,light use efficiency,nitrogen use efficicncy and grain yield.Biomass had significant positive relationships with grain yield,CPA,SPAD,and PAR interception efficiency.Therefore,the increase of nitrogen fertilizer could promote yield at all sites,and nitrogenous fertilizer postponing could further optimize grain yield component and improve nitrogen and light use efficiency.But the effects depended on the years and sites,thus a target nitrogen management mode should be site-specifically made.关键词
氮肥/管理模式/氮素效率/光能利用率Key words
nitrogen fertilizer/management mode/nitrogen efficiency/light use efficiency引用本文复制引用
吴晓丽,李朝苏,汤永禄,刘于斌,李伯群,樊高琼,熊涛..氮肥运筹对小麦产量、氮素利用效率和光能利用率的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(6):1889-1898,10.基金项目
本文由国家小麦产业技术体系建设资金项目(CARS-3-1-23)资助 This work was supported by the National Modem Agriculture Industry Technology System Construction Fund (CARS-3-1-23). （CARS-3-1-23）
