中国水产科学2017，Vol.24Issue(4)：718-726,9.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1118.2017.16266
不同个体大小和环境因子对瘤背石磺水中耗氧率及皮肤特性的影响
Effect of body size and environmental factors on underwater oxygen consumption rate and skin characteristics of Onchidium struma
摘要
Abstract
Onchidium struma is a shell-less pulmonate and lives in the middle and high intertidal zone. It is consi-dered as a commercially important species owing to its high nutritive value and beneficial effects in Chinese medicine. O. struma is also regarded as an important representative species for a better understanding of the evo-lution from aquatic to terrestrial life since this species has two methods of respiration—epidermal respiration and pulmonary respiration. Epidermal respiration plays an important role in the underwater life stageor stationary stage of O. struma, while pulmonary respiration contributes to its creeping or terrestrial life stage. In the present study, the effect of body size, water temperature (15℃, 20℃, 25℃, and 30℃), salinity (5, 15, 25, 35, and 45) and pH (7.5, 7.8, 8.1, and 8.4) on underwater oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and epidermal histology was determined to provide valuable information for understanding the respiratory mechanism of O. struma and its evolutionary cha-racteristics. These results demonstrated that smaller O. struma had higher underwater OCR than larger individuals. Epidermal respiration differed significantly at various temperatures, salinities, and pH values (P<0.05). The OCR and the inner and outer diameter of the mucus gland increased as water temperature increased below 25℃. The highest values were observed at 25℃ and then began to decrease gradually at temperature above 25℃. The thickness of the dermis decreased with increasing temperature. The number and the inner and outer diameter of the granular gland did not differ considerably between temperature groups. The differences with respect to salinity in dermis thickness and inner and outer diameter of the mucus gland/granular gland were the same as those with re-spect to temperature. The highest values were observed at salinity 25. The pH also had a significant effect on res-piration. The OCR and inner and outer diameter of the mucus gland increased with pH, while dermis thickness and inner and outer diameter of the granular gland decreased. The number of granular glands first increased and then decreased; peak values were observed at a pH of 8.1. However, respiration levels decreased with time in all groups. In conclusion, environmental factors such as temperature, salinity, and pH had significant effects on underwater epidermal respiration. Items such as dermis thickness and the inner and outer diameter of the granular gland play more important roles in epidermal respiration in O. struma than the granular gland, which may be key to keeping the body wet and protecting it from invasion or damage from its habitats. O. struma showed optimum respiration metabolism in water at a temperature of 25℃, salinity 25, and pH 8.1. At lower temperature (15℃), higher salinity (45 psu), and lower pH (pH 7.5), this organism will be under considerable stress. This might be related with to the factors associated with its optimal living conditions. The results of this study will provide basic information for the protection and aquaculture of this species and will also be helpful to understand the evolution from aquatic to ter-restrial life.关键词
瘤背石磺/个体大小/环境因子/耗氧率/皮肤特性Key words
Onchidium struma/individual size/environmental factors/oxygen consumption rate/skin characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张明明,乔帼,李强,徐晨,张凯琦,黄金田..不同个体大小和环境因子对瘤背石磺水中耗氧率及皮肤特性的影响[J].中国水产科学,2017,24(4):718-726,9.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31470130) （31470130）
江苏省海洋滩涂生物化学与生物技术重点建设实验室开放项目(K2016-15). （K2016-15）
