中国水土保持科学2017，Vol.15Issue(3)：51-57,7.DOI:10.16843/j.sswc.2017.03.007
伊犁河谷5种土壤管理措施减流减沙效果分析
Effects of five soil management measures on runoff and sediment reduction in Ili Valley of Xinjiang
摘要
Abstract
[Background]The grade of water erosion is moderately strong in Ili Valley of Xinjiang.This work aims to explore the effects of different soil management measures on runoff and sediment reduction,and to provide sustainable utilization of land resources and effective measurement of soil and water conservation.[Methods] Artificial rainfall simulation experiments with 3 rainfall intensities (20 mm/h,10 mm/h and 36 mm/h),5 soil management measures (bare land,Ceratocarpus arenarius L.covered,Kochia prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered,fish scale pit,and horizontal ditch),and totally 15 times of experiments were conducted to analyze runoff and sediment process in the field.Meanwhile,with Excel 2007 and SPSS 19.0,we analyzed the relationship between sediment concentration and runoff rate,and compared the effects of runoff and sediment reduction under different rainfall intensities.[Results] The initial runoff time of bare land was so short that suffered rainfall erosion easily,while runoff of horizontal ditch was never happened under 3 artificial rainfall simulations.Although C.arenarius L.covered measure did not produce runoff under 20 mm/h rainfall intensity,there was runoff when the rainfall intensity was 10 mm/h.The reason for this phenomenon was due to higher antecedent soil moisture for the second rain,i.e.,10 mm/h rainfall.The runoff rate and sediment concentration increased as rainfall intensity increased for all experiments.By using linear regression analysis in SPSS 19.0,we found that the relationship between the sediment concentrations and the runoff rates under the measures of bare land,C.arenarius L.covered,K.prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered and fish scale pit were all linearly significant.And we did not obtain the data of horizontal ditch because it was never happened runoff under 3 rainfall intensities.However,the sediment concentration decreased with the increase of the runoff rate under K.prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered measure.Sediment and runoff reduction of all measures listed in the following order:horizontal ditch ＞ K.prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered ＞ fish scale pit ＞ C.arenarius L.covered ＞ bare land.Therefore,the measures of fish scale pit and K.prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered showed more obvious effects on runoff and sediment reduction than the other soil management measures.[Conclusions] This study demonstrated that the measures of horizontal ditch and K.prostrate (L.) Schrad.covered effectively reduced runoff rate and sediment concentration in Ili Valley of Xinjiang and should be applied in soil and water conservation in this area.关键词
土壤管理/降雨强度/径流速率/含沙量/减流减沙Key words
soil management/rainfall intensity/runoff rate/sediment concentration/runoff and sediment reduction分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
李晓原,张文太,李建贵,仲亚婷,苏悦,赵婧文..伊犁河谷5种土壤管理措施减流减沙效果分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2017,15(3):51-57,7.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划项目“伊犁河谷水土流失综合治理技术研发与示范”(2014BAC15B03) （2014BAC15B03）
