作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(7)：1043-1056,14.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01043
四川盆地9000 kg hm-2产量潜力小麦品种的花后冠层结构、生理及同化物分配特性
Canopy Architecture, Physiological Characteristics and Assimilate Partitioning in Wheat Cultivars with 9000 kg ha?1 Yield Potential in Sichuan Basin
摘要
Abstract
In contrast to the outstanding breeding progress of high-yield wheat in Sichuan Basin of China, the physiological basis of high-yield-potential cultivars is unclear due to seldom studies. In this study, a five-year field experiment (2011–2015) was carried out to compare the differences of canopy structure after anthesis, canopy apparent photosynthesis (CAP), chlorophyll con-tent (SPAD), and dry matter partitioning between high-yield and normal-yield potential cultivars. Three typical high-yield and three normal-yield potential cultivars were selected, and the average yield of the high-yield potential cultivars (9422 kg ha-1) was 14.3% higher than that of the normal-yield potential cultivars owing to higher biomass or harvest index. Compared with the normal-yield potential cultivars, the high-yield potential cultivars had shorter and wider flag leaves (length-to-width ratio lower than 10) and showed obvious increases of basal and open angles of the topmost three leaves from early anthesis to mid-filling stage. From anthesis to late-filling stage, SPAD values of the topmost three leaves and CAP values at 0 and 20 days after anthesis were sig-nificantly higher in the high-yield potential cultivars than in the normal-yield potential cultivars, with the largest difference of CAP between 10:00 and 12:00 a.m. In addition, the high-yield potential cultivars showed higher biomass proportion of stem and sheath at anthesis and higher (1–4 percentage points) biomass proportion of grain at maturity than the normal-yield potential cul-tivars. Grain yield was closely related to morphological and physiological parameters in wheat. For example, grain yield was posi-tively correlated with basal angles of flag leaf (r = 0.947, P < 0.01) and the second leaf from top (r = 0.963, P < 0.01) at grain-filling stage and negatively correlated with leaf length-to-width ratios of flag leaf (r = -0.913, P < 0.01) and the second leaf from top (r = -0.911, P < 0.01). Grain yield was also positively correlated (P < 0.01) with SPAD values of the topmost three leaves (r = 0.75, 0.90, and 0.82), but negatively correlated with the proportion of spike rachis at maturity (r = -0.956, P < 0.01). Our results indicate that moderate plant height, compact plant type, high SPAD and CAP values after anthesis, and proper dry matter partitioning are important factors in high-yielding physiology of wheat.关键词
小麦/冠层结构/群体光合速率/干物质分配/籽粒产量Key words
Wheat/Canopy architecture/Canopy apparent photosynthesis/Dry matter partitioning/Grain yield引用本文复制引用
吴晓丽,李朝苏,汤永禄,李俊,马孝玲,李式昭,黄明波..四川盆地9000 kg hm-2产量潜力小麦品种的花后冠层结构、生理及同化物分配特性[J].作物学报,2017,43(7):1043-1056,14.基金项目
本研究由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-1-23)和国家自然科学基金项目(31571590)资助.This study was supported by the China Agriculture Research System (CARS-3-1-23) and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31571590). （CARS-3-1-23）
