作物学报2017，Vol.43Issue(7)：1057-1066,10.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1006.2017.01057
施钾对甘薯根系生长和产量的影响及其生理机制
Effect of Potassium Application on Root Grow and Yield of Sweet Potato and Its Physiological Mechanism
摘要
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the physiological mechanism of potassium application on root growth and yield improvement in sweet potato. Two year field experiment was conducted with three potassium levels (0 kg ha–1, 75 kg ha–1, 150 kg ha–1, and 225 kg ha–1) to study the effects of potassium on root growth, 13C distribution, metabolic enzyme activity, photo-synthetic characteristics and yield of sweet potato. Compared with CK, potassium treatments increased ETR 12.7% to 63.6%, Pn by 7.2% to 26.4%. Potassium application improved photosynthetic characteristics and accelerated the accumulation of photosyn-thate, providing material basis for root growth. While, potassium application was beneficial to the photosynthate products from shoots to roots, root 13C distribution amount increased by 10.6% to 66.2% (P<0.05). Then, potassium application by increasing sucrose synthase, sucrose phosphate synthase and adenosine diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase activities to accelerate the assimilation of carbon in roots, to improve the photosyntheate accumulation in roots, and to promote root differentiation and growth in sweet potato. In early growing stage, potassium application increased total root length by 13.6% to 22.8%, the average diameter of root increased by 11.3% to 51.9%, and significantly increased the differentiation from adventitious roots to fibrous roots and tuberous roots (P<0.05), which is beneficial to the early formation of effective tuber, ensureing the effective number of tubers per plant. Potassium treatments increased the root biomass and average tuber weight. Compared with CK, the potassium treatments increased yield by 5.8%, 24.3%, and 44.7% in 2014, and by 7.9%, 13.4%, and 22.8% in 2015.关键词
甘薯/根系生长/光合特性/13C分配/碳代谢酶活性Key words
Sweetpotato/Root grow/Photosynthetic characteristics/13C distribution/C enzyme activities引用本文复制引用
汪顺义,李欢,刘庆,史衍玺..施钾对甘薯根系生长和产量的影响及其生理机制[J].作物学报,2017,43(7):1057-1066,10.基金项目
本文由国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-11-B-14)和国家青年科学基金项目(31301854)资助.This work was supported by the National Modern Agro-industry Technology System (CARS-11-B-14) and the Natural Science Foundation for Young Scientists of China (31301854). （CARS-11-B-14）
