中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(8)：1119-1128,10.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.161060
长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响
Effect of long-term fertilization on soil aggregate formation in greenhouse and farmland conditions in the North China Plain
摘要
Abstract
The status of soil aggregates is an important soil physical property and the amount of soil aggregates is a critical index for measuring and evaluating soil fertility. Organic fertilizer application is an essential measure for improving soil organic carbon (SOC) content, promoting soil aggregate formation and improving soil structure. A long-term experiment was conducted in greenhouse soil and in farmland soil under three fertilizer treatments in Quzhou County in the North China Plain in order to investigate the effects of different modes of fertilization on the content, distribution and stability of soil water-stable aggregates using the wet-sieving method under different land use types. Results indicated that continuous organic matter application (OM) significantly decreased soil bulk density and significantly increased soil organic matter content, compared with chemical fertilizer application (NP) and mixed organic manure with chemical fertilizer treatment (NPM) in both greenhouse and farmland soils (P< 0.05). This effect was obviously for the 0-10 cm soil layer. The bulk density of the 0-10 cm soil layer under greenhouse conditions with organic fertilize application treat-ment was 1.17 g·cm-3, which decreased respectively by 12.0% and 8.6% compared with those under chemical fertilizer and mixed organic manure with chemical fertilizer treatments. The content of organic matter in the 0-10 cm soil layer of greenhouse with or-ganic fertilize application treatment was 54.81 g·kg-1, which increased respectively by 104.8% and 35.7% compared with those under chemical fertilizer and mixed organic manure with chemical fertilizer treatments. Also the bulk density of soil in the 0-10 cm layer of farmland with organic fertilize application was 1.19 g·cm-3, which decreased respectively by 8.5% and 7.0% compared with those under chemical fertilizer and mixed organic manure with chemical fertilizer treatments. The contents of farmland organic matter in the 0-10 cm soil layer with organic fertilize application was 22.67 g·kg-1, which increased respectively by 23.1% and 15.0% com-pared with those under chemical fertilizer and mixed organic manure with chemical fertilizer treatments. The mean weight diameter (MWD) and geometric mean diameter (GMD) of water-stable aggregates of both greenhouse and farmland soils changed in the fol-lowing order: OM > NPM > NP. Fractal dimension (D) of water-stable aggregates under OM treatment was lowest while that under NP treatment was highest. Treatments with OM significantly decreasedD value in the 0-20 cm soil layer, which effect was most obvious for the 0-10 cm soil layer where soil structure improvement was also very obvious. Compared with farmland soil, changes of soil stability indexes and the effects of aggregate structure were more obvious for greenhouse soil. The most significant correlation was between soil organic matter content and the content of >0.25 mm soil aggregates, which indicated that the more soil organic matter, the greater stability the soil structure. In conclusion, the application of organic matter not only increased the content of soil organic matter and available nutrients, but also promoted the formation of macro-aggregates and improved aggregate stability. It was an effective measure to improve the stability of farmland soil, which also was good for sustaining soil development, especially for soils under greenhouse conditions in the North China Plain.关键词
有机肥/土壤团聚体/土壤有机质/分形维数/温室土壤/农田土壤Key words
Organic fertilizer/Soil aggregate/Soil organic matter/Fractal dimension/Greenhouse soil/Farmland soil分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
刘哲,孙增慧,吕贻忠..长期不同施肥方式对华北地区温室和农田土壤团聚体形成特征的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1119-1128,10.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2014BAL01B01)、国土资源部公益性行业科研专项项目(201411008-3)和陕西省重点科技创新团队计划项目 (2016KCT-23)资助 The study was supported by the National Key Technology R&D Program of China (2014BAL01B01), the Special Funds on Public Welfare Research by Ministry of Land of China (201411008-3) and the Key Science and Technology Innovation Team Projects of Shaanxi Province, China (2016KCT-23). （2014BAL01B01）
