中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(8)：1173-1180,8.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170029
土壤生物消毒对土壤改良、青枯菌抑菌及番茄生长的影响
Effect of biological disinfestation on soil improvement, Ralstonia solanacearum suppression and tomato growth
摘要
Abstract
Soil-borne diseases and soil degradation caused by continuous cropping or monoculture restrain the sustainable develop-ment of agriculture. Chemical soil fumigation is the most popular method used to control soil-borne diseases in terms of cost and efficacy, but its negative impact on the environment raises a significant concern. Biological soil disinfestation (adding organic mate-rials in soil and mulching for certain time, BSD) is widely used as alternative improvement of degraded soils and in preventing the occurrence of soil-borne diseases. To solve the problems associated with continuous cropping and the soil degradation caused by the intensification of monoculture, the effects of BSD on soil properties, bacterial wilt control and tomato growth were determined in soil incubation and field experiments. There were four treatments in the experiment — the control (CK), BSD with 2% rice bran, wheat bran and tea seed bran. The results showed that different BSD treatments had no significant effect on soil total P and K content, but significantly increased soil temperature, pH, electric conductivity and contents of organic matter, total N, available N and available K. Contrarily BSD treatments significantly reduced soil Eh and the amount of Ralstonia solanacearum in the soil by 97.27%–99.14%. BSD treatments reduced the incidence of bacterial wilt by 29.41%–42.65%, which in turn enhanced tomato plant resistance against the disease. In addition, BSD significantly increased chlorophyll fluorescence parameter Fv/Fm of tomato leaves, but it had no significant effect on net photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration. BSD treatments increased tomato yield by 41.41%–56.25%, and the ratio of sugar to acid and soluble sugar content of tomato fruits. Among different organic mate-rials, BSD with wheat bran had the best effect in terms of soil improvement, yield increase and bacterial wilt suppression. In summary, the potential of BSD was promising for the improvement of soil, prevention and control of soil-borne bacterial wilt disease and promo-tion of tomato growth. Thus BSD was critical for a non-chemical disinfection of cultivated soils.关键词
土壤生物消毒/青枯病/土壤养分/光合特性/番茄生长/番茄产量Key words
Biological disinfection of soil/Bacterial wilt/Soil nutrient/Photosynthetic characteristics/Tomato growth/Tomato yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
伍朝荣,黄飞,高阳,毛一航,蔡昆争..土壤生物消毒对土壤改良、青枯菌抑菌及番茄生长的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(8):1173-1180,8.基金项目
广东省科技计划项目(2015A050502043)和国家自然科学基金项目(31370456)资助 This study was founded by Guangdong Science and Technology Plan Project (2015A050502043) and the National Natural Science Founda-tion of China (31370456). （2015A050502043）
