大豆科学2017，Vol.36Issue(4)：531-539,9.DOI:10.11861/j.issn.1000-9841.2017.04.0531
夏播大豆产量的环境响应及高产品种的主要特性
Response of Summer Soybean Yield to Environment and Main Characteristics of High-yield Varieties
摘要
Abstract
To understand the effects of the growth environment on summer sowing soybean yield,and main characters of highyield varieties,the field experiments were conducted in Mengcheng,Funan and Longkang.The yield of summer soybean under different environment,and the agronomic traits,quality and adaptability of high yield soybean varieties were studied.The results showed that:(1) The difference of yield among the locations,the years and the varieties,reached the extremely significant level The variance of locations accounted for 15.75％ of the total variance,the variance of years accounted for 6.48％,and the variance of varieties accounted for 24.90％.The yield of Mengcheng was the highest among the three experimental locations,but that of Longkang was the lowest,and the difference of yield of two locations was between 343.63-1 133.28 kg·ha-1,reached the extremely significant level every year.(2)There were 14 cultivars with average yield of more than 2 700.00 kg·ha-1 at each year.Eleven of which were semideterminate growth habit,three were determinate growth habit,and the yield of the first four were all semideterminate growth habit.In the high-yielding varieties,the mean value of the reproductive period and the number of seeds per plant of the semideterminate growth habit varieties were higher than those of the determinate growth habit varieties,but the pod height and 100-seed weight were less than that of the determinate growth habit varieties.Compared with the common varieties:the average reproductive stage,node numbers of main stem,seed weight per plant and seed fat content of high-yield soybean varieties were all higher than those of common varieties (t =2.94 * *;t =3.23 * *;t =2.87 * *;t =2.89* *),and the seed protein content was lower than that of common varieties (t =2.98* *).(3) Fourteen high-yielding soybean varieties were screened out.Among them,Gaofeng 1,GR8836,Tiegan 1 and Zhongpin 661 with yield top four,all had wide adaptability.And the high yield varieties had better yield and adaptability in Mengcheng.Unfavorable growth environment was one of the main limiting factors of soybean yield in Huanghuaihai summer sowing ecological area.Optimization of cultivation techniques and with high-yielding varieties,can play a role in stable production.High yield soybean varieties generally have the characteristics of longer reproductive period,more main stem nodes,larger grain weight per plant and higher fat content.Semideterminate growth habit varieties in the experiment showed better yield potential and wide adaptability,and should be given more attention.关键词
夏播大豆/产量/环境响应/高产品种/特性Key words
Summer Soybean/Yield/Environment/High-yield varieties/Characteristics分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
胡国玉,李杰坤,王大刚,吴倩,王维虎,于国宜,黄志平..夏播大豆产量的环境响应及高产品种的主要特性[J].大豆科学,2017,36(4):531-539,9.基金项目
国家重点研发计划(JFYS2016ZY03003792-01-06) （JFYS2016ZY03003792-01-06）
安徽省农业科学院院立种子工程(15D0202) （15D0202）
国家自然科学基金(31401402) （31401402）
安徽省自然科学基金(1508085QC53). （1508085QC53）
