动物营养学报2017，Vol.29Issue(8)：2716-2724,9.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-267x.2017.08.014
饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马营养物质 消化代谢和血浆生理生化指标的影响
Effects of Dietary Calcium and Phosphorus Levels on Nutrient Digestion and Metabolism, Plasma Physiological-Biochemical Indices of Yili Mares during Lactation Period
摘要
Abstract
In order to provide references for confirming requirement of calcium ( Ca) and phosphorus ( P) for Yili mares during lactation period, the effects of dietary Ca and P levels on body weight, heart girth, nutrient apparent digestibility and metabolism and plasma physiological-biochemical indices were examined. Twenty-five Yili mares in their end of the 2nd lactation month with similar age (11 to 14 years old), body weight [(371±21) kg] and parity (4 to 6 parities) were selected, and allocated to five groups of 5 animals each. In the 3rd lactation month, the Ca feed level of mares in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was 45. 03, 48. 50, 51.96, 55.43 and 58.89 g/d, and the P feed level was 30.05, 32.03, 34.01, 35.99 and 37.97 g/d, respec-tively. In the 4th and 5th lactation month, the Ca feed level of mares in groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ was 43.60, 46.42, 49. 25, 52. 07 and 54. 92 g/d, and the P feed level was 27. 63, 29. 24, 30. 86, 32. 47 and 34.12 g/d, respectively. The trial lasted for 90 days, and every 30 days for a test cycle. The results showed as follows: dietary Ca and P levels had no significant effects on body weight, heart girth and the apparent digesti-bility of dry matter ( DM) , organic matter ( OM) and neutral detergent fiber ( NDF) ( P>0.05) . The apparent digestibility of crude protein ( CP) of group Ⅴ was the highest, and increased by 12. 26%, 12. 37% and 18.28% ( P<0.05) as compared with group Ⅱ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively. The apparent digestibility of gross energy ( GE) of group Ⅰ was the highest, and increased by 8.32%, 7.19% and 11.24% ( P<0.05) as com-pared with group Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ, respectively. The apparent digestibility of Ca of groupsⅠand Ⅲ was higher than that of group Ⅳ, and increased by 17.74% and 14.49% ( P<0.05) , respectively. The apparent digestibil-ity of P of group Ⅲ was the highest, and increased by 35.39% ( P<0.05) as compared with group Ⅱ. Dietary Ca and P levels had no significant effects on nitrogen and Ca metabolism (P>0.05). The metabolic energy ( ME) of group Ⅰ was higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ, and increased by 7. 95% and 11. 33% ( P<0.05) , respectively. The energy retention rate of group Ⅰ was higher than that of groupsⅡ, Ⅲ and Ⅳ, and increased by 9.30%, 8.50% and 12.10% ( P<0.05) , respectively. The P retention of groupsⅠ, Ⅲ, Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and group Ⅲ was the highest among groups which in-creased by 42.59% ( P<0.05) as compared with groupⅡ. The P retention rate of groupsⅠand Ⅲ was signif-icantly higher than that of groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ, and group Ⅰ was the highest among groups which increased by 49.67% and 46.32% ( P<0.05) as compared with groups Ⅱ and Ⅳ, respectively. The P utilization rate of groups Ⅰ, Ⅲ and Ⅴ was significantly higher than that of group Ⅱ (P<0.05), and increased by 17.74%, 18.80% and 16.79% as compared with group Ⅱ, respectively. The levels of plasma ionized calcium ( Ca2+) , P, calcitonin, bone gla protein, placental prolactin, pituitary prolactin, estradiol, progesterone and estrone showed no significant difference ( P>0.05) when mares fed with different levels of dietary Ca and P. Moreo-ver , the level of plasma parathyroid hormone of groupⅢwas significantly higher than that of groupsⅣandⅤwith an increase of 70.61% and 47.58% (P<0.05). In conclusion, diet Ⅰ (the Ca and P feed levels in the 3rd lactation month are 45. 03 and 30. 05 g/d and those in the 4th and 5th lactation month are 43. 60 and 27.63 g/d, respectively) can meet the Ca and P requirements of Yili mares during lactation period. Suitable di-etary Ca and P levels are beneficial to maintain higher apparent digestibility of gross energy and Ca, retention and utilization of P and energy.关键词
伊犁母马/钙/磷/消化/代谢/激素Key words
Yili mare/calcium/phosphorus/digestion/metabolism/hormones分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
于全平,王贤东,方美烟,陈勇..饲粮钙、磷水平对泌乳期伊犁母马营养物质 消化代谢和血浆生理生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2017,29(8):2716-2724,9.基金项目
国家科技支撑计划课题(2012BAD45B02) （2012BAD45B02）
