水生态学杂志2017，Vol.38Issue(4)：71-76,6.DOI:10.15928/j.1674-3075.2017.04.010
高体鳑鲏幼鱼集群行为研究
Schooling Behavior of Juvenile Rose Bitterling (Rhodeus ocellatus)
摘要
Abstract
Schooling or shoaling is a commonly observed phenomenon in natural fish populations.Schooling behavior derives benefits that include defense against predators, improved swimming efficiency and more successful foraging.Rose bitterlings (Rhodeus ocellatus), belong to Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae and Acheilognathinae and primarily inhabit lakes, ponds and the shallow water of rivers.The species is ideal for fish behavior research because of evident schooling.In this study, we investigated the schooling behavior of juvenile rose bitterlings in groups of different size (1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 individuals per group), aiming to understand the effects of group size on behavior.Juvenile rose bitterlings with an average body weight of (0.56 ± 0.03) g and body length of (3.02 ± 0.04) cm were collected from local ponds in Chongqing and acclimated for two weeks in the laboratory at (25±1)℃ and DO saturation ≥90%.After acclimation, the behavior of healthy juvenile rose bitterlings in differently sized groups were tested in containers (60 cm×35 cm×15 cm) at (25±1)℃, with eight repetitions per group.Video was captured for 15 min during each test and the swimming speed and spatial distribution characteristics of individuals were calculated and analyzed using trajectory tracking software (id Tracker).The effects of group size on median swimming speed, synchronization of swimming speed, nearest neighbor distance (NND) and orientation polarity were assessed.Results show that: (1) the spontaneous swimming speed of the rose bitterlings varied between 0 and 10 cm/s and the median swimming speeds were 4.3, 4.1, 3.6, 3.2 and 4.6 cm/s for groups of 1, 2, 4, 8 and 16 individuals, respectively.The median swimming speed was significantly lower in groups with 8 individuals compared to groups with 1 or 16 individuals.Swimming was highly synchronized but the degree decreased with increasing group size (P<0.05);(2) the range of NND was 0-10 cm and the NND of groups of 2, 4, 8 and 16 individuals were 3.1, 2.7, 1.9 and 2.4 cm, respectively.The NND of groups of 2 and 4 individuals were significantly higher than groups of 8 and 16 individuals (P<0.05);(3) the polarities in the groups of 2 and 4 individuals (91.5% and 91.2%) were significantly higher than those with 8 and 16 individuals (82.6% and 77.2%, P<0.05).Our findings indicate: (1) juvenile rose bitterlings exhibit significant schooling behavior, attributed to long term natural selection that enhances foraging efficiency and decreases risk of predation;(2) group size has profound effects on schooling behavior, characterized by an increase in group cohesion and a decrease in group coordination as group size increases.关键词
高体鳑鲏/集群行为/极性/同步性Key words
Rhodeus ocellatus/schooling behavior/polarity/synchronization分类
生物科学引用本文复制引用
覃英莲,柏杨,彭姜岚,李秀明,付世建..高体鳑鲏幼鱼集群行为研究[J].水生态学杂志,2017,38(4):71-76,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(No.31172096) （No.31172096）
重庆市基础与前沿研究计划项目(cstc2015jcyjA80007) （cstc2015jcyjA80007）
重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目(KJ1400506). （KJ1400506）
