草业学报2017，Vol.26Issue(7)：166-176,11.DOI:10.11686/cyxb2016510
氮磷配施对玉米-大豆套作模式下种间作用、玉米产量及干物质积累与转运的影响
Effects of combined applications of nitrogen and phosphorus on interspecies interaction, yield, and dry matter accumulation and translocation in maize in a maize-soybean relay intercropping system
摘要
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of nitrogen and phosphorus application on maize in a maize-soybean relay intercropping system.A pot experiment was conducted in 2013 and 2014,and interspecies interactions,dry matter production and accumulation,and grain yield were assessed.The experiment consisted of four nitrogen levels [N0 (0),N120 (120 kg/ha),N180 (180 kg/ha),N240 (240 kg/ha)] and four phosphorus levels [P0 (0),P35 (35 kg/ha),P70 (70 kg/ha),P105 (105 kg/ha)].Furthermore,to evaluate the root interaction between maize and soybean,the two plants were grown with or without a root barrier between them.The main findings were as follows:1) The interaction between N and P significantly affected the inter-specific interaction of maize and soybean in the relay intercropping system,reduced inter-specific competition between maize and soybean,increased the land equivalent ratio,increased the aggressiveness and nutrition competition ratio,and increased the uptake of N and P.The interaction between N and P significantly increased the yield and resource utilization (land equivalent ratio＞1).The interactive effect of N and P was more prominent than the effect of N or P alone in the intercropping system.2) The effects of the N×P interaction on dry matter accumulation in each growing period of maize increased with increasing N and P application rates up to N180 (180 kg/ha) and P70 (70 kg/ha),and then decreased when N and P application rates were N240 (240 kg/ha) and P105 (105 kg/ha).The treatment of N180 (180 kg/ha) and P70 (70 kg/ha) significantly decreased maize dry matter accumulation before maturity,but promoted dry matter accumulation and translocation to the grain,and improved the harvest index of maize.3) Inter-specific interactions and interactive effects of N and P were significant,and increased the yield by increasing the number of kernels per ear and the number of ears per maize plant.Among all the N and P fertilizer levels,N180(180 kg/ha) and P70 (70 kg/ha) considerably improved the maize yield from 1.650％ to 20.430％ in the relay intercropping system,compared with sole cropping.On the basis of these results,we recommend nitrogen and phosphorus applications at the rates of N180 (180 kg/ha) and P70(70 kg/ha) to substantially improve ear traits,increase dry matter translocation to the grain at maturity,and achieve the maximum yield of maize in a maize-soybean relay intercropping system.关键词
种间作用/氮磷肥配施/产量/干物质积累与转运/玉米/玉米-大豆套作Key words
inter-species interaction/nitrogen and phosphorus application/yield/dry matter accumulation and translocation/maize/maize-soybean relay intercropping system引用本文复制引用
曾瑾汐,杨文钰,王小春,文熙宸,Muhammad Ali Raza,陈国鹏,陈诚,彭霄,马艳玮,李丽,官思成..氮磷配施对玉米-大豆套作模式下种间作用、玉米产量及干物质积累与转运的影响[J].草业学报,2017,26(7):166-176,11.基金项目
“西南丘陵旱地粮油作物节水节肥节药综合技术集成与示范”(20150312705),“四川省育种攻关”项目(2016NYZ0051-2)和成都市农业技术成果应用示范项目(2015-NY01-00100-NC)资助. （20150312705）
