应用生态学报2017，Vol.28Issue(8)：2517-2526,10.DOI:10.13287/j.1001-9332.201708.030
从湿地到农田:围垦对生态系统碳排放的影响
Effects of reclamation on ecosystem carbon emission: Wetland conversion to cropland
摘要
Abstract
The reclamation of wetlands for agricultural uses affects carbon cycling directly,however,previous studies ignored carbon emissions caused by human activities such as fertilizer production and use of agricultural machinery.To more thoroughly understand the changes in ecosystem carbon emission caused by land reclamations,we used flux observation and life cycle assessment to estimate total ecosystem carbon emission with and without accompanying carbon emissions due to human activities on Chongming Island.The results showed that croplands acted as carbon sink if only carbon fluxes between the ecosystems and atmosphere were considered.However,carbon emission of croplands increased by 10.47 t (CO2-eq) · hm-2 compared to wetlands.When carbon emissions caused by human activities were considered,total carbon emission of wetlands and reclaimed croplands respectively were-15.38 and 6.54 t (CO2-eq) · hm-2,and the carbon emission due to wetland reclamations increased by 21.92 t (CO2-eq) · hm-2,the carbon emissions caused by human activities were 11.45 t (CO2-eq) · hm-2.The carbon emissions of agricultural material production and rice cultivation accounted for 84.6％ of the total emission in their life cycles,and thus the production and application of fertilizer were largely responsible for the carbon emission.In sum,we need to reassess reclamation effects because it changed carbon sink/source properties at ecosystem and even regional scales.And we should reduce fertilizer use and improve fertilizer use efficiency to achieve low-carbon agriculture.关键词
围垦/农田管理/生命周期评价/碳排放Key words
reclamation/farmland management/life cycle assessment/carbon emission引用本文复制引用
侯颖,李红,赵敏,熊俊,戴圣骐,赵斌,胡静,郭海强..从湿地到农田:围垦对生态系统碳排放的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(8):2517-2526,10.基金项目
本文由国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430404)、上海市科学技术委员会项目(13JC1400400)和上海市自然科学基金项目(14ZR1435100)资助 This work was supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(2013CB430404),the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan (13JC1400400) and the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai (14ZR1435100). （2013CB430404）
