热带气象学报2017，Vol.33Issue(4)：530-539,10.DOI:10.16032/j.issn.1004-4965.2017.04.010
中国龙卷时空分布及其环境物理量特征
THE SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL DISTRIBUTION OF CHINESE TORNADOS AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL PHYSICAL VARIATIONS
摘要
Abstract
Using data of Chinese Meteorological Disasters Yearbook for 2004 to 2012 and CFSR reanalysis,this paper analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of tornadoes in China,circulation background field and the characteristics of environmental physical variations in three tornado-prone regions,and compares their regional differences.The results showed that tornadoes occurred most frequently in spring and summer,and in the afternoon and at dust.Probabilities of tornado occurrence over plains in Jiangsu and Guangdong are the highest.When tornadoes are approaching,Jiangsu and its adjacent regionsare located before a trough at 500 hPa level,and a 850 hPa southwest jet leads to a strong low-level vertical wind shear;the mean CAPE value of Guangdong and its adjacent regions preceding to tornado events is 997.3 J/kg and the mean 0～1 km helicity value is 91 m2/s2,indicating stratification instability and strong dynamic lifting.Northeast China is controlled by a deep Northeast cold vortex,the moisture content of the whole layer is low,and the mean specific humidity value in the middle and lower atmosphere is lower than 10 g/kg.By comparing the distribution characteristics of the mean environmental physical variations field,it is demonstrated that helicity,vertical wind shear,EHI and STP are good indicators to tornado occurrence.The mean CAPE and helicity values of Northeast Chinaare far lower than those of the Jiangsu and its adjacent regions and Guangdong and its adjacent regions.With higher upper and lower-level lapse rates and strong middle and lower-level vertical wind shear,however,there is also possibility for tornado occurrence.关键词
龙卷/环境参量/时空分布/对流有效位能/螺旋度Key words
tornado/environmental parameter/spatial and temporal distribution/CAPE/helicity分类
天文与地球科学引用本文复制引用
冯佳玮,闵锦忠,庄潇然..中国龙卷时空分布及其环境物理量特征[J].热带气象学报,2017,33(4):530-539,10.基金项目
国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2013CB430102) （2013CB430102）
国家自然科学基金重点项目(41430427) （41430427）
江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目(11KJA170001)共同资助 （11KJA170001）
