中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(9)：1266-1275,10.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170146
氮肥水平对稻田细菌群落及N2O排放的影响
Effect of nitrogen fertilizer level on bacterial community and N2O emission in paddy soil
摘要
Abstract
Microbial community structures are relevant for the utilization of nitrogen (N) and the emission of nitrous oxide (N2O) in paddy soils. Nitrification and denitrification are the main ways to produce N2O in soils and nitrification bacteria and denitrifying bacteria respectively drive the processes of nitrification and denitrification. In this study, changes in bacterial communities and the abundance of nitrification bacteria or denitrifying bacteria under different nitrogen fertilizer levels [CK (no N fertilization), 1/3N (N application of 60 kg·hm-2), 2/3N (N application of 120 kg·hm-2) and N (N application of 180 kg·hm-2] in paddy soils were analyzed respectively by high-throughput sequencing and real-time PCR. The analysis in abundance of nitrification bacteria or denitrifying bacteria was based on ammonia-oxidizing bacterialamoA geneand denitrifying bacterial nirS gene or qnoB geneornosZgene. The results showed that increase in application of nitrogen fertilizer enhanced Chao1 index and Shannon diversity index of bacterial communities and changed the composition of bacterial communities in paddy soil. The relative abundance of Nitrospirae and Acidobacteria increased with improvement of nitrogen fertilizers, while that of Methy-losinus decreased with improvement of nitrogen fertilizers in paddy soils. There was greater impact of increased use of nitro-gen fertilizer on the abundance ofamoA gene in paddy soils. The abundance ofamoA gene increased with increasing nitrogen application in the 0-5 cm or 10-20 cm depths of soil. The abundances of nirS gene,qnoB gene and nosZ gene in no-fertilizer soil (CK) were significantly lower than those in fertilizer soils (1/3N, 2/3N and N) (P< 0.05). There was no significant difference in the abundance ofnirS gene among 1/3N, 2/3N and N treatments. However, there was an increasing tendency in the abundance ofqnoB gene and nosZ gene with increasing application of nitrogen fertilizer in the 0-5 cm depth of soil. The abundance ofnosZ gene in the 10-20 cm depth of soil under both 2/3N and N treatments were significantly higher than that in 1/3N treatment (P< 0.05). At the same time, the emission of N2O under N treatment was significantly higher than that under 2/3N or 1/3N treatment (P< 0.05), and the latter two were also higher than that under CK (P< 0.05). Correlation analysis showed that the emission of N2O was markedly correlated with the relative abundance of Nitrospirae in the 0-5 cm depth of soil and the abundance ofamoA gene in the 10-20 cm depth of soil (P< 0.05,n= 10). In summary, increasing nitrogen application improved the diversity of bacterial communi-ties and the emission of N2O in the studied paddy soils. Also there was a closer correlation between changes in abundance of nitrification bacteria and the emission of N2O. The results suggested that the influence of nitrification bacteria on the emission of N2O in the studied paddy soils was greater than that of denitrifying bacteria.关键词
氮肥水平/稻田土壤/微生物群落/氨氧化细菌基因/反硝化细菌基因/N2O排放/高通量测序/荧光定量PCRKey words
Nitrogen fertilizer level/Paddy soil/Microbial community/Ammonia-oxidizing bacterial gene/Denitrifying bac-terial gene/Nitrous oxide emission/High-throughput sequencing/Real-time PCR分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
宋亚娜,林艳,陈子强..氮肥水平对稻田细菌群落及N2O排放的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(9):1266-1275,10.基金项目
福建省公益类科研院所专项(2015R1019-12)、福建省自然科学基金项目(2015J01105)、福建省科技重点项目(2015N0037)和福建省农业科学院PI项目(2016PI-26)资助 This study was funded by the Special Fund for Research Institutes in Public Interest in Fujian Province of China (2015R1019-12), Fujian Province Natural Science Foundation (2015J01105), Fujian Province Key Projects of Science and Technology (2015N0037) and Fujian Academy Agricultural Science's PI Projects (2016PI-26). （2015R1019-12）
