中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(9)：1306-1316,11.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170279
密度和有机肥对苏北滩涂蓖麻群体生长及产量构成的影响
Effect of organic fertilizer on growth and yield components of castor under different planting densities
摘要
Abstract
A 3-year field experiment was conducted from 2013 to 2015 during summer castor growing seasons at the coastland of Jiangsu Province. The aim of the experiment was to analyse the effects of organic fertilizer and planting densities on popu-lation growth and yield components of castor. The interactive test of three planting densities [18000 plant·hm-2(D1), 15000 plant·hm-2(D2) and 12000 plant·hm-2(D3)] and three organic fertilizer application rates [12000 kg·hm-2(O1), 6000 kg·hm-2 (O2) and 0 kg·hm-2(O3)] were conducted with a castor cultivar of 'Zibi 8' as tested material. The investigated items included dry matter accumulation and distribution, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, spike characters and yield components. The results showed that the soil fertility could be improved significantly by using organic fertilizer for three years. With the appli-cation of organic fertilizer of 12000 kg·hm-2 under planting density of 15000 plant·hm-2(D2O1), the contents of soil total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium and organic matter significantly increased by 47.37％, 169.21％, 54.65％ and 13.77％ respectively compared with that without organic fertilizer treatment (D2O3). Both leaf area index (LAI) and rela-tive content of chlorophyll at the late growth stage was maintained at a high level under planting densities of 15000 plant·hm-2 and 12000 plant·hm-2 with the application of organic fertilizer. Total dry matter production at filling and ripening stages under medium planting density (15000 plant·hm-2) plus 12000 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer (D2O1) significantly improved to almost similar level to that under high planting density of 18000 plant·hm-2(D1O1). In addition, the distribution of dry matter in spike and crop growth rate (CGR) under planting density of 15000 plant·hm-2both improved after anthesis with the applica-tion of organic fertilizer. The effective panicles per plant, grain number per plant and 100-grain weight increased with the in-creased rate of organic fertilizer application, which effectively compensated for low spike number at lower planting density. In this study, the crop yield under medium density (15000 plant·hm-2) with 12000 kg·hm-2 organic fertilizer (D2O1) was 3943.77 kg·hm-2, which was similar to that under high planting density (D1O1). It was concluded that suitable planting den-sity in combination with the application of organic fertilizer effectively improved population growth and the reasonable dis-tribution of dry matter, delayed leaf senescence, increased dry matter accumulation and grain yield at mature stage of caster.关键词
蓖麻/有机肥/种植密度/群体生长/产量构成Key words
Castor/Organic fertilizer/Planting density/Population growth/Yield components分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
赵宝泉,王茂文,丁海荣,邢锦城,朱小梅,刘冲,董静,洪立洲..密度和有机肥对苏北滩涂蓖麻群体生长及产量构成的影响[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(9):1306-1316,11.基金项目
江苏省农业科技自主创新基金项目(CX(15)1005-4)、国家星火计划项目(2014GA690030)、盐城市农业科技创新专项引导资金项目(YK2014010)和江苏省盐土生物资源研究重点实验室开放课题(JKLBS2015010)资助 This research was supported by the Jiangsu Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund (CX(15)1005-4), the National Spark Plan Program (2014GA690030), the Yancheng Agriculture Science and Technology Innovation Fund (YK2014010) and the Fund of Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Bioresources of Saline Soils (JKLBS2015010). （CX(15）
