植物营养与肥料学报2017，Vol.23Issue(4)：1014-1021,8.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.16457
不同氮形态对连作平邑甜茶幼苗生长及土壤尖孢镰孢菌数量的影响
Effects of different nitrogen forms on the growth of replanted apple rootstock (Malus hupehensis Rehd.) seedlings and Fusarium oxysporum population in soil
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives] To provide a theoretical basis for reasonably applying fertilizers and alleviating the growth obstacles of replanted apple,a pot experiment was conducted to study effects of different nitrogen forms on growth of apple rootstock (Malus hupehensis Rehd.) seedlings and the replanted soil microorganisms.[Methods] The experiment was carried out in 2015.M.hupehensis Rehd.Seedling was used in this study,and the biomass,photosynthetic parameters and soil microorganisms were determined in August 2015.Three N fertilizer treatments were designed as follows:ammonium nitrogen (T 1),nitrate nitrogen (T2) and amide nitrogen (T3) (N 180 mg/L),and took the apple replanted orchard soil (CK1) and methyl bromide fumigation (CK2) as the control.M.hupehensis Rehd.seedlings were planted in pots with different treatments.[Results] Compared with the replanted soil control (CK1),the biomass amounts ofM.hupehensis Rehd.seedlings were significantly improved with the ammonium nitrogen (T1) and amide nitrogen (T3).The plant height,ground diameter,fresh weight and dry weight of the ammonium nitrogen (T1) were increased by 35.3％,24.4％,42.0％,57.7％.Different nitrogen forms could increase the net photosynthesis stomatal conductance and root respiration rate.The net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance in leaves of the seedlings and root respiration rate of ammonium nitrogen of T1 were increased by 27.6％,35.6％ and 43.3％ compared with CK1,respectively,but they did not reach the highest effect of the methyl bromide fumigation (CK2).Real-time quantitative PCR results showed that the ammonium nitrogen (T1) effectively reduced the gene copy number ofFusarium oxysporum,which was decreased by 41.3％ compared with the replanted soil control (CK1).The copy numbers of the nitrate nitrogen (T2) and amide nitrogen (T3) had no significant differences with the soil control (CK1).T-RFLP results showed that soil fungal community structure was changed by the ammonium nitrogen (T1) and amide nitrogen (T3) greatly,the fungal community structure in the ammonium nitrogen (T1) was similar to that in the methyl bromide fumigation (CK2),and the structure of the nitrate nitrogen (T2) was similar to that in the soil control (CK1),while an independent fungal community was formed in the amide nitrogen (T3).[Conclusions] Ammonium nitrogen greatly improved the biomass ofM.hupehensis Rehd.seedlings,net photosynthetic rate and root respiration rate,reduced the gene copy number of Fusarium oxysporum,and changed the community structure of soil fungi.Therefore,the appropriate dosages of ammonium nitrogen could be used as a measure to reduce the apple replanted disease.关键词
平邑甜茶/苹果连作障碍/氮形态/光合参数/土壤尖孢镰孢菌Key words
Malus hupehensis Rehd./apple replant disease/nitrogen form/photosynthetic parameter/soil Fusarium oxysporum引用本文复制引用
王玫,段亚楠,孙申义,相立,王功帅,陈学森,沈向,尹承苗,毛志泉..不同氮形态对连作平邑甜茶幼苗生长及土壤尖孢镰孢菌数量的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(4):1014-1021,8.基金项目
现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-28) （CARS-28）
山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2014CL024) （ZR2014CL024）
国家自然科学基金项目(31501720,31672104) （31501720,31672104）
国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0201114) （2016YFD0201114）
山东省水果创新团队项目(SDAIT-06-07)资助. （SDAIT-06-07）
