干旱地区农业研究2017，Vol.35Issue(4)：205-210,6.DOI:10.7606/j.issn.1000-7601.2017.04.31
旱地农田春玉米氮素吸收利用对栽培模式的响应
Response of nitrogen accumulation and utilization to the cultivation mode in dryland spring maize field
摘要
Abstract
In order to improve crop yield and nitrogen use efficiency,the research on different water and nitrogen management is needed,which provide some scientific basis for the construction of the high-yield and high-efficiency spring maize cultivation system on the Loess Plateau.A long-term field experiment was designed and conducted in Changwu Agricultural and Ecological Experiment Station,and samples were taken at six key maize growing periods,namely,the 6th leaf stage (V6),the 10th leaf stage (V10),the silking stage (R1),the milk stage (R3),the dent stage (R5) and the physiological maturity stage (R6)).The study is to establish the relation of the nitrogen uptake and utilization in the high-yield and high-efficiency treatment (HH) in contrast with the local traditional treatment (LT).The results showed (1) Crop nitrogen content in HH (39.3 g· kg-1) was significantly higher than in LT (31.9 g· kg-1) at the V6 stage,but significantly lower at the R1 and V10 stages.(2) Nitrogen uptake at each growing stage in HH was significandy higher than that in LT,and the nitrogen accumulation in leaf was higher than that in stem before the R1 stage,while it was in the descending order of kernel ＞ leaf ＞ stem ＞ bract and cob after this stage.(3) The nitrogen transfer amount and nitrogen transfer contribution rate in HH were significantly higher than those in LT,but the both management patterns showed similar trend,that is,leaf＞ stem＞ cob＞ bract.(4) The grain yield (15 326 kg·hm-2) and nitrogen partial factor productivity (PFP) (61.30 kg·kg-1) in HH was significantly higher than those in LT,but there was no significant difference in the nitrogen harvest index (NHI) and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE).Consequently,the HH was effective in improving the amounts of accumulated dry matter and the nitrogen utilization.HH could be a more effective approach to improving spring-sown maize yield on the Loess Plateau.关键词
春玉米/旱作农田/栽培模式/生育期/氮素累积/氮利用效率Key words
spring maize/dryland/cultivation patterns/growth stage/nitrogen accumulation/nitrogen utilization efficiency分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
张洪培,陈迎迎,沈玉芳,李世清..旱地农田春玉米氮素吸收利用对栽培模式的响应[J].干旱地区农业研究,2017,35(4):205-210,6.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(31270553,51279197) （31270553,51279197）
中央高校基本科研业务费专项(YQ2013009) （YQ2013009）
杨凌示范区科技计划项目(2014NY-30) （2014NY-30）
