物理学报2017，Vol.66Issue(17)：208-222,15.DOI:10.7498/aps.66.176401
非晶物质中的临界现象
Critical phenomena in amorphous materials
摘要
Abstract
Amorphous material usually exhibit a complex atomic structure including short-range order, long-range disorder and metastable state in thermodynamic, which is one of the existing states of matters. Amorphous alloy, also named metallic glass, is a new metallic material, and has a high strength, a good electromagnetic property, an excellent corrosion-resistant and a high elasticity. The system of amorphous alloy can show some critical states and is a complicated system. In recent years, much atttentions have been paid to the researches of the phase transitions and critical phenomena of amorphous material. On a microscale, amorphous alloy can be regarded as a solid composed of many-particle systems. The investigation of the critical phenomena can significantly enhance the understanding of the interactions among these multi-particle systems. The structure of amorphous alloy is randomly and isotropic in macro performance, and ordered and anisotropic on a localized nanometer scale. The characteristics on different scales of amorphous alloy are not isolated. The structure of amorphous alloy determines the performance. The preparation process determines the nature of the microstructure. The microstructure is the internal cause dominating glass transition and deformation. Moreover, the effective cooling rate in preparation process of amorphous alloy affects the short-range rate of the amorphous phase. The nonperiodic short-range order plays a key role in the stability of amorphous phase. Furthermore, the glass transition and deformation of amorphous alloys are the responses to the external energy. The characteristics of the deformation process change with external condition. The external force can lead to the localized shear deformation and transformation between amorphous and liquid in the shear band. High temperature can cause a wide range of transformation from the amorphous solid to the liquid. So it is worth understanding in depth the basic principles of liquid and glass transition in order to prepare amorphous alloy in undercooled liquids. In this review article, we discuss the critical phenomena of amorphous alloys, which include the preparation process, the microstructure, the mechanical property and the electromagnetism. The correlation and the influence of microstructure on the macroscopic properties are analyzed. It will be helpful for understanding the nature of amorphous alloy, improving service reliability and exploring amorphous alloys with application values.关键词
非晶合金/临界现象/微观结构/相变Key words
amorphous alloys/critical behaviour/microstructure/phase transition引用本文复制引用
任景莉,于利萍,张李盈..非晶物质中的临界现象[J].物理学报,2017,66(17):208-222,15.基金项目
国家自然科学基金(批准号: 11271339)、河南省创新人才计划(批准号: 164200510011)、河南省科技创新研究团队 (批准号: 17IRTSTHN007)、非线性力学国家重点实验室开放基金(批准号: LNM201710)和国家重点研发计划重点专项 (批准号:2017YFB0702500) 资助的课题. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 11271339), the Plan for Scientific Innovation Talent of Henan Province, China (Grant No. 164200510011), the Innovative Research Team of Science and Technology in Henan Province, China (Grant No. 17IRTSTHN007), the Opening Fund of State Key Laboratory of Nonlinear Mechanics, China (Grant No. LNM201710), and the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFB0702500). （批准号: 11271339）
