农业机械学报2017，Vol.48Issue(8)：192-198,7.DOI:10.6041/j.issn.1000-1298.2017.08.022
华北一年两熟区玉米秸秆覆盖对冬小麦生长的影响
Effect of Maize Straw Mulching on Winter Wheat Growth in Double Cropping Area of Northern China
摘要
Abstract
Straw mulching is one of the core techniques of conservation tillage,which can reduce soil erosion and improve soil water use efficiency.Some researchers believe that straw mulching is conducive to wheat growth,while some researchers repute that straw mulching could hinder winter wheat growth.In order to investigate the effect of maize straw mulching on winter wheat growth in North China region under double cropping area,a three-year (2014 to 2016) field experiment was carried out in Zhuozhou City,Hebei Province conservation tillage experiment land.The experiment was performed using randomized complete block design with three replications.A series of straw mulching were arranged in field experiment,including 5 t/hm2(OM),4 t/hm2(EM),3 t/hm2(SM),2 t/hm2(FM),1 t/hm2(TM) and 0 t/hm2 (NM),which was controlled trials.The effect of maize straw mulching on soil volume water content,wheat emergence rate,wheat leaf area index,maize root dry weight and yield were evaluated.The results indicated that there was a linear relationship between maize straw mulching quantity and soil water content,the soil water content was increased with the increase of straw mulching amount.The emergence rate of wheat was increased with the increase of straw mulching amount,and FM treatment got the maximum emergence rate.The wheat emergence under FM treatment was significantly higher than those under TM,NM,SM,EM and OM treatments,and the average emergence rate under FM treatment was increased by 6.9％,10.0％,11.9％,23.8％ and 33.7％,respectively,compared with those under TM,NM,SM,EM and OM treatments during the period from 2014 to 2016.The mean wheat LAI under FM,TM,NM,SM,EM and OM treatments was 5.3,4.5,3.6,4.0,3.3 and 3.0,respectively,in the whole wheat growing season during the period from 2014 to 2016.The maximum mean wheat root density of wheat under FM,TM,NM,SM,EM and OM treatments was 0.98 cm/cm3,0.95 cm/cm3,0.93 cm/cm3,0.93 cm/cm3,0.86 cm/cm3 and 0.67 cm/cm3,respectively,during the period from 2014 to 2016.The mean yield of winter wheat under FM treatment was increased by 2.94％,7.56％,7.91％,11.50％ and 13.53％,respectively,compared with TM,NM,SM,EM and OM treatments during the period from 2014 to 2016.Finally,it was concluded that appropriate amount of straw mulching (2 t/hm2) could promote wheat growth and increase yield.The seeding rate should be increased and the qualities of no-tillage seeders should be improved,especially in anti-blocking device and sowing depth consistency.The research result can be helpful to the promotion of the technology of straw return in annual maize-wheat rotation cropping region of North China.关键词
冬小麦/玉米秸秆覆盖/土壤含水率/出苗率/叶面积指数/产量Key words
winter wheat/maize straw mulching/soil water content/emergence rate/leaf area index/yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
王庆杰,王宪良,李洪文,何进,张翼夫,黄幸媛..华北一年两熟区玉米秸秆覆盖对冬小麦生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(8):192-198,7.基金项目
公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503136) （农业）
