生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(1)：192-203,12.DOI:10.5846/stxb201603130448
九龙江河口区养虾塘沉积物-水界面营养盐交换通量特征
Temporal variation of nutrients fluxes across the sediment-water interface of shrimp ponds and influencing factors in the Jiulong River Estuary
摘要
Abstract
Eutrophication is increasingly challengiug the sustainability and healthy development of aquaculture.The effects of variations in nutrient dynamics remain unclear,including porewater nutrient concentrations and nutrient fluxes at the sediment-water interface (SWI),from aquaculture ponds globally,and particularly in China.In this study,temporal variation of the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus in porewater and their fluxes across the interface of sediment-waterwas investigated in the Jiulong River estuary,a subtropic estuary on the southeast coast of China.Overlying water,intact sediments,and sediment porewater were collected using sediment samplers from three shrimp ponds in June,August,and October 2015.Overlying water and sediment porewater nutrient analyses were performed using an automatic continuous flow analyzer.SONE (sediment oxygen and nutrient exchanges) incubation techniques were used to measure rates of nutrient fluxes (NO-2-N,NO-3-N,NH+4-N,and PO3-4-P).NO-2-N,NO-3-N,NH+4-N,and PO3-4-P concentrations in porewater ranged from 0.01 to 0.06,0.06 to 0.22,10.31 to 14.13,and 0.05 to 0.35 mg/L,respectively,with mean values of 0.04,0.15,11.83,and 0.17 mg/L.Higher NO-2-N and NO-3-N concentrations in porewater occurred during June and higher NH+4-N and PO3-4-P concentrations occurred during August.The NO-2-N,NO-3-N,NH+4-N,and PO3-4-P fluxes across the interface of sediment-water ranged from-2.96 to 7.60,-1.00 to 3.15,-0.79 to 4.95,and 19.23 to 91.73 mg m-2 h-1,respectively.The fluxes of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrients across the interface of sedimentwater showed significant temporal variation,with higher nutrient release fluxes during June and lower fluxes during October.The mean fluxes of NO2-N,NO3N,and PO34--P from the sediment to overlying water were (1.87±1.15),(1.58±0.52),and (1.22±0.62) mg m-2 h-1,respectively,indicating that the shrimp pond sediment acted as a nitrogen and phosphorus release source.Dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) release dominated by excess NH+4-N,and the NH+4-N flux from sediment was (46.18±13.82) mg m-2 h-1.Pearson's correlation analysis showed that the temporal variation of nitrogen and phosphorus fluxes were significantly positively correlated with sediment temperature (P ＜ 0.05),but significantly negatively correlated with shrimp biomass (P ＜ 0.05).The results suggest that the temporal variation of nutrients fluxes across the sediment-water interface in shrimp ponds was controlled by the nutrient concentration gradient,sediment temperature,and the foraging and metabolic activity of shrimp.This study highlighted that the relatively high DIN (NO-2-N and NH+4-N) release from sediment during the initial and middle stages of aquaculture could be a potential pollution source in shrimp ponds,which might increase the risk of shrimp mortality.关键词
氮磷/释放速率/沉积物间隙水/上覆水/养殖塘/河口区Key words
nitrogen and phosphorus/release rate/porewater/overlying water/aquaculture ponds/estuary引用本文复制引用
杨平,金宝石,谭立山,仝川..九龙江河口区养虾塘沉积物-水界面营养盐交换通量特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(1):192-203,12.基金项目
福建省基本科研专项重点资助项目(2014R1034-1) （2014R1034-1）
国家自然科学基金资助项目(41671088,41371127) （41671088,41371127）
福建师范大学校级创新团队资助项目(IRTL1205) （IRTL1205）
福建师范大学地理科学学院研究生出国(境)访学资助计划和地理科学学院研究生科研创新资助项目(GY201601) （境）
