生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(12)：4045-4052,8.DOI:10.5846/stxb201603120441
温度对川西亚高山3种森林土壤氮矿化的影响
Effects of temperature on soil nitrogen mineralization in three subalpine forests of western Sichuan, China
摘要
Abstract
Temperature is a key factor that regulates almost all biochemical processes of terrestrial ecosystems,such as soil respiration,soil net N mineralization and soil enzyme activity.Warmer air temperatures would likely result in warmer soil temperatures which could,in turn,largely affect the biogeochemical processes of soils in these ecosystems.Soil nitrogen mineralization plays a key role in plants growth,net primary production (NPP),soil nitrogen availability and its responses to climatic warming are very important in estimating and predicting forest ecosystems carbon budgets and nutrients biogeochemical cycling in terrestrial ecosystems.In comparison with soil nitrogen dynamics from different forest ecosystems in one climatic region,the effects of forest management were clearly evident on the soil fertility and belowground ecosystems functions and structures.The subalpine and alpine forest ecosystems in the eastern Tibetan Plateau located at the transitive zone from Qinghai-Tibet Plateau to Sichuan basin could be very sensitive to global climate change with important consequences for the global C and N balance.The magnitude of warming on the Tibetan Plateau is projected to be large relative to many other regions and the soils on the Tibetan Plateau contain large amounts of soil organic matter.Thus,soil nutrient turnover processes of alpine forest soils in this region could be more pronounced than in other ecosystems under future warmer conditions.Last century,natural coniferous forests in southwestern China were deforested and reforested with dragon spruce plantation and birch secondary forest.Forest conversation may induce great changes in soil biochemical properties,and further affect the responses of forest soils to projected global warming.To gain in-depth knowledge on the effect of experimental warming on soil nitrogen transformation processes,a laboratory incubation experiment was conducted in organic and mineral soil layers of three contrasting subalpine forest ecosystems (natural coniferous forest,dragon spruce plantation and birch secondary forest) under two temperature treatments (20 ℃ and 10 ℃) for 4 weeks.Soil nitrate were 104.32％,52.11％ and 25.57％ higher at 20 ℃ than 10 ℃,respectively,in the natural coniferous forest,dragon spruce plantation and birch secondary forest.However,ammonium content only increased by 10.18％,24.06％ and 44.82％,respectively,in the natural coniferous forest,dragon spruce plantation and birch secondary forest.The net soil ammonification,nitrification and nitrogen mineralization rates were significantly higher at 20 ℃ than 10 ℃ in the organic soil layer.Conversely,the effects of temperature on nitrogen transformation rates in the mineral layer were not significant different.Additionally,the soil nitrogen transformation rates in the natural forest were higher compared to the dragon spruce plantation and secondary birch forest and the temperature effect on nitrification rate was higher relative to the ammonification rate.During the incubation period,the soil nitrification rate was 79.03％-128.89％ higher at 20 ℃ than 10 ℃,whereas the temperature only increased the ammonification rate by 37.81％-63.33％.The results of this study suggest that warming has a considerable impact on nitrogen mineralization in the subalpine forests of western Sichuan;in addition,warming effect is dependent on forest type,soil layer and nitrogen species.Soil mineralization is more sensitive to warming in organic than mineral layer.关键词
温度/亚高山森林/川西/铵态氮/硝态氮/土壤层次Key words
temperature/subalpine forest/western Sichuan/ammonium/nitrate/soil layer引用本文复制引用
李志杰,杨万勤,岳楷,贺若阳,杨开军,庄丽燕,谭波,徐振锋..温度对川西亚高山3种森林土壤氮矿化的影响[J].生态学报,2017,37(12):4045-4052,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金项目(31570601,31570445,31500509) （31570601,31570445,31500509）
中国博士后科学基金(2013M540714,2014T70880)资助 （2013M540714,2014T70880）
