中国生态农业学报2017，Vol.25Issue(10)：1444-1455,12.DOI:10.13930/j.cnki.cjea.170169
植烟土壤中微生物特性及氨化、亚硝化菌 分离鉴定与活性研究
Isolation, identification and activity of ammonifiers, nitrosobacteria and microbial characteristics in tobacco-planted soils
摘要
Abstract
The rate of organic nitrogen decomposition could be not controlled after organic fertilizer application in to-bacco-planted soils. This problem could affect the normal growth and quality of tobacco leaves. In this study, chemical fertil-izer, cow manure, maize straw and rapeseed cake were applied to the root-zone soil under tobacco. The study attempted to isolate highly active local ammonifiers and nitrosobacteria, and to determine the effects of the two bacteria types on the de-composition of organic nitrogen and ammonia. The study was to make possible the preparation of a microbial agent for the efficient decomposition of organic nitrogen. The results showed that the numbers of bacteria, fungi, actinomycetes and am-monifiers treated with organic fertilizer were higher than those treated with chemical fertilizer during the vigorous growth period of flue-cured tobacco. The numbers of ammonifiers, nitrosobacteria, fungi and actinomycetes treated with organic fer-tilizer were higher than those treated with chemical fertilizer in flue-cured tobacco at maturity period. Through analysis of soil samples of various strains, the dominant strains with high ammoniation intensity were all derived from soil samples treated with organic fertilizer. It was shown that soils treated with organic fertilizer had higher active ammonifiers than soils treated only with chemical fertilizer. The results showed that decline in organic nitrogen content was highest in Bacillus pumilus, Geobacillus stearothermophilus and B. megaterium, which was 84.74%, 92.74% and 79.52% lower than that of initial organic nitrogen.Stenotrophomonassp. had the highest nitrosation and nitrification activity. After 7 days of culturing, nitrate nitrogen content in cultured medium was 0.617 mg·L-1.S. maltophilia had the strongest nitrosation activity. After 7 days of culturing, nitrite content in the cultured medium was 0.518 mg·L-1. Organic nitrogen decomposition activity of ammoniated bacteria decreased after 48 h of culturing. Then the nitrification and nitrification activities were still high 7 days after culturing. Thus the separation of different functions of bacteria in the preparation of nitrogen-containing composite microbial agents should be done at different times by adding fermentation strain to achieve high activity of microbial agents. In this study, eight strains (Naxibactersp.,Stenotrophomonassp.,B. pumilus,G. stearothermophilus,B. stratosphericus,Cellulosimicrobium cellulans,B. altitudinis and B. megaterium) were identified as high-efficiency strains of microbial agents for the decomposition of soil or-ganic nitrogen.关键词
植烟土壤/微生物菌剂/氨化菌/亚硝化菌/分离鉴定/解氮效果Key words
Tobacco-growing soil/Microbial agents/Ammonifier/Nitrococcus/Isolation and identification/Nitrogen decom-position分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
丁梦娇,黄莺,李春顺,宾俊,李强,范伟,张毅,周冀衡..植烟土壤中微生物特性及氨化、亚硝化菌 分离鉴定与活性研究[J].中国生态农业学报,2017,25(10):1444-1455,12.基金项目
贵州省毕节烟区烟叶产质平衡关键技术优化(201652050024149)和中国烟草云南省公司科技计划项目(2015YN22)资助 This study was supported by the Key Technology Optimization of Tobacco Leaf Quality Balance in Bijie, Guizhou Province, China (201652050024149) and China Tobacco Yunnan Province Science and Technology Project (2015YN22). （201652050024149）
