生态学报2017，Vol.37Issue(18)：5981-5992,12.DOI:10.5846/stxb201606291286
水东湾海域浮游植物潮汐分布特征及其与环境因子的关系
Effect of tidal changes and major environmental factors on the distribution of phytoplankton in Shuidong Bay
摘要
Abstract
Phytoplankton is the most important primary producer in marine ecosystems.Its growth and reproduction are affected by the biological characteristics of the different speciesas well as by environmental factors.Owing to the inflow of land-sourced material and mariculture activities,Maoming (Guangdong province),Shuidong Bay,a natural harbor and an important fishery production center,has become heavily polluted.In order to reveal the effect of tidal changes and major environmental factors on the distribution of phytoplankton in Shuidong Bay,the structure of the phytoplankton community and environmental factors were investigated during both high and low tides during the autumn and winter in 2014.As a result,4 phyla,57 genera and 134 species of phytoplankton were identified,including 42 genera and 106 species of diatoms,13 genera and 26 species of dinoflagellates,and 1 species of cyanobacteria,accounted for 79.1％,19.4％ and 0.8％ of the phytoplankton respectively.There were 15 dominant species,the major ones were Gyrosigma aluminatum,Thalassiosira rotula,Skeletonema costatum,Leptocylindrus danicus,and Campylosira cymbelliformis.18-40 species were identified at each sampling,and the Jaccard species similarity index ranged from 0.200-0.404,with a diversity index and average uniformity of 2.60 and 0.60respectively.The diversity index,cell abundance,and evenness of the phytoplankton sampled during the high and low tides were significantly different (P ＜ 0.05) in the autumn but were not significantly different during the other seasons.Cell abundance,which ranged from 0.95 × 104 to 28.0 × 104 cells/L (mean =6.86 × 104 cells/L),varied by season and tide:winter low tides (9.46× 104cells/L) ＞ autumn low tides (7.56× 104cells/L) ＞ winter high tides (5.97 × 104 cells/L) ＞ autumn high tides (4.44 × 104 cells/L).Principal component analysis indicated that both salinity and nutrient content were likely the dominant environmental factors affecting the phytoplankton in Shuidong Bay.Meanwhile,correlation analysis indicated that cell abundance was negatively and positively correlated with salinity during the high and low tides of autumn and winter respectively,and negatively correlated with inorganic nitrogen and phosphate during the both the low and high tides of winter.In addition,water temperature was positively correlated with the diversity index,evenness,and cell abundance of phytoplankton sampled during the low tides of winter.However,none of the parameters was correlated with the content of chlorophyll a.关键词
浮游植物/群落结构/多样性/环境因子/水东湾Key words
Phytoplankton/Community structure/Shannon-Weaver index/environmental factors/Shuidong Bay引用本文复制引用
施玉珍,张才学,张际标,陈春亮,赵利容,孙省利..水东湾海域浮游植物潮汐分布特征及其与环境因子的关系[J].生态学报,2017,37(18):5981-5992,12.基金项目
2015年海洋公益性科研专项(20155027) （20155027）
广东省科技计划资助项目(2013B021600015) （2013B021600015）
