植物营养与肥料学报2017，Vol.23Issue(5)：1207-1214,8.DOI:10.11674/zwyf.17046
腐植酸尿素对玉米产量及肥料氮去向的影响
Effects of humic acid urea on maize yield and the fate of fertilizer nitrogen
摘要
Abstract
[Objectives]In this study, effects of humic acid urea on maize dry biomass, grain yield, and the fate of fertilizer nitrogen were investigated. The result could provide a theoretical and practical basis for the prodection of humic acid fertilizer with better quality and higher efficiency.[Methods]Zhengdan 958 was selected as the test maize cultivar, and the tested humic acid urea was synthesized in the laboratory . The experiment was carried out by using technique of the 15N-label and soil column culture. No nitrogen (CK), common urea (U) and humic acid urea (HAU) were included as treatments, and all fertilizer was applied into 0-30 cm soil layer as base fertilizer. After the harvest, the maize shoots were collected and divided into five parts: leaf, stem, bract, cob and grain. Then, the dry biomass, nitrogen contents and 15N abundance in all parts of maize shoots were determined, and ear traits were tested as well. The soil samples in different soil layers (0-15 cm, 15-30 cm, 30-50 cm, 50-70 cm, 70-90 cm) were collected after the harvest, and nitrogen contents and 15N abundance were determined subsequently.[Results]The dry biomass of shoots and individual organs, except bract, showed an ascending order as CK < U < HAU, no significant difference existed in the allocation ratio of dry matter in aboveground organs among the treatments. The aboveground dry biomass in HAU was 13.8% higher than that in U, and grain yield in HAU was 14.2% higher than that in U. The HAU enhanced grains per ear significantly (P <0.05), while increased the hundred kernels weight slightly. The uptake amounts of total N and fertilizer N in each column in HAU were 0.989 g and 0.072 g more than those in U, respectively. The fertilizer nitrogen use efficiency in HAU was enhanced by 4.80 percentage points compared with that in U. The allocation proportion of fertilizer N and total N in different organs showed an ascending order as: bract and cob < stem < leaf < grain, and grain possessed 65.7%-74.2% of total N and 58.6%-60.5% of fertilizer N in shoots. The fertilizer N amounts accounted for 13.3%-30.9% of total N in individual organs. There was no significant difference in the total residue of fertilizer N between HAU and U. The residual amount of fertilizer N in 0-30 cm soil layer in HAU was higher than that in U, while the residual N in 30-90 cm showed an opposite trend. The loss rate of fertilizer N in HAU was 34.9%, which was lower than that in U by 5.1 percentage points.[Conclusions]Under the experimental condition, the application of humic acid urea could improve the maize aboveground biomass and grain yield, and regulate the fate of fertilizer nitrogen by enhancing fertilizer N uptake and reducing its leaching to soil deeper than 15 cm.关键词
腐植酸尿素/玉米/产量/15N标记技术/肥料氮去向Key words
humic acid urea/maize/yield/15N-label technique/fate of fertilizer nitrogen引用本文复制引用
张水勤,袁亮,李伟,林治安,李燕婷,胡树文,赵秉强,李军..腐植酸尿素对玉米产量及肥料氮去向的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(5):1207-1214,8.基金项目
国家自然科学基金资助项目(31601827) （31601827）
"十三五"国家重点研发计划项目(2016YFD0200402) （2016YFD0200402）
中央级公益性科研院所专项资金资助项目(IARRP-2014-5)资助. （IARRP-2014-5）
