果树学报2017，Vol.34Issue(9)：1117-1124,8.DOI:10.13925/j.cnki.gsxb.20170096
‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其芽变品种‘龙回红’脐橙的比较研究
A study on the difference of ‘Newhali’ navel orange and its sport ‘Longhuihong’ navel orange
摘要
Abstract
[Objective] Selective breeding of bud mutation is one of the most important methods for citrus new variety selection.Navel orange is a variety derived from bud mutation of sweet orange (Citrus sinensis Osbeck) in Brazil.At present,the southern region of Jiangxi province is the biggest navel orange production area in China,and ‘Newhall’ navel orange (Citrus sineses Osbeck,abbr.NH) covers more than 80％ of the total plantation of navel orange.A mutant tree named ‘ Longhuihong’ (Citrus sineses Osbeck,abbr.LHH) was found at the Ganliang navel orange orchard of southern region of Jiangxi province in the year 2000 followed a freezing injury (-6 to-9 ℃) in December 1999.LHH has many features diifferent from those of NH like leaf curvature,leaf vein herniation,cold-resistance,freezing-tolerance,less summer shoots and higher and more stable yield.Regional trials of southern region of Jiangxi province and Beibei district of Chongqing showed that LHH had better adaptability compared with NH.This study aimed to find the reasons of the difference between the NH and the LHH.[Methods]The growing characteristics of trees,the chlorophyll content,the characteristic of photosynthetic gas exchange of leaves,nutrient element content of leaves,fruit quality and yield were investigated for both NH and LHH grown in the same orchard.Five trees were randomly selected for measuring the perimeter of height of tree,crown diameter,trunk diameter,leaf length and width.Chlorophyll was extracted by 95％ ethanol for twenty-four hours,and then the absorbency of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b were detected under 665 nm and 649 nm by spectrometer.The photosynthesis (Po),stomatal conductance (Gs),intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) and transpiration (Tr) of the leaves of spring shoots,summer shoots and autumn shoots were measured by portable LI-6400 photosynthesis measurement system.The internal and external qualities of fruits collected from the different directions of the tree were analyzed.Finally,nitrogen (N),phosphorus (P),kalium (K),Calcium (Ca),Magnesium (Mg),ferrum (Fe),Zlncum (Zn),manganum (Mn),copper (Cu) and borium (B) in the leaves of spring shoots were detected.[Results] The differences of trunk circumference,crown height and diameter of the trees between NH and LHH were not obvious.The thickness,length and width of the leaves of LHH in different seasons were significantly larger than those of NH.The chlorophyll contents of the leaves of LHH (2.63,2.77 and 2.75 mg· g-1) were significantly higher than those of NH (1.91,2.17 and 2.36 mg· g-1) in different seasons,respectively.The photosynthesis,stomatal conductance,intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration of the spring shoot leaves of LHH were significantly higher than those of NH,respectively.The nutrient element contents of LHH leaves were significantly higher than those of NH except for phosphorus and zinc.And the average weight,peel thickness,diameter,shape index fruits,the a/b value of chromatic aberration,and the ratio of total soluble solid to titration acid of LHH were significantly higher than those of NH,whereas the titration acid of LHH (0.54％) was significantly lower than that of NH (0.62％).The yield of LHH (61.3 kg) was higher than that of NH (51.0 kg),and most of the quality indexes of LHH fruits were better than those of NH,especially the skin color and fruit size.[Conclusion]The yield and quality of fruits of LHH are significantly higher than those of NH,LHH should be extended widely in the citrus area.关键词
‘龙回红’脐橙/‘纽荷尔’脐橙/特性/光合参数/营养元素/品质/产量Key words
‘Longhuihong’ navel orange/‘Newhall’ navel orange/Characteristics/Photosynthesis parameters/Nutrient element/Fruit quality/Yield分类
农业科技引用本文复制引用
袁高鹏,淳长品,彭良志,黄宗俊,黄同麒,杨惠栋,付行政,凌丽俐,曹立..‘纽荷尔’脐橙及其芽变品种‘龙回红’脐橙的比较研究[J].果树学报,2017,34(9):1117-1124,8.基金项目
江西省科技计划重大项目“龙回红脐橙中试、育苗与标准化栽培研究(20143ACF60018)” （20143ACF60018）
国家现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项资金(CARS-27-01A) （柑桔）
国家重点研发计划项目课题(SQ2017ZY060070-06) （SQ2017ZY060070-06）
